SCIENCE PT-3/TERM-2

Earthquake

Sudden movements or shaking in the ground caused by the movement of tectonic plates, volcanic eruptions, or human activities.

Seismic waves

Waves emitted from an earthquake, caused by the vibrations during the event.

Richter Scale

A scale used to measure the intensity (magnitude) of an earthquake.

Focus

The point at which tectonic plates collide, causing an earthquake.

Epicenter

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.

Convection

Charging process where a charged object is touched to a neutral object, transferring charge.

Induction

Charging process where a neutral object acquires opposite charge due to the presence of a charged object nearby without direct contact.

Electroscope

Instrument used to detect electric charge, made of a metal plate and leaves that repel or attract based on charge.

Lightning

A bright flash of light caused by the discharge of electricity from charged clouds during thunderstorms.

Electrostatic charge

A physical quantity responsible for electrostatic attraction and repulsion between objects.

Conductors

Materials through which electric charges can flow, e.g., metals like iron, aluminum.

Insulators

Materials through which electric charges cannot flow, e.g., rubber, wood.

Astraphobia

The fear of lightning.

Fulminology

The study of lightning.

Tsunami

A massive high-speed wave caused by underwater earthquakes.

Fault lines

Cracks in the earth's surface that form during strong earthquakes.

Precautions against earthquakes

Safety measures to follow to protect oneself during an earthquake.