types of speeches/fallacies

Purpose

The intention of the speech

Expository

A type of speech that aims to inform

Inspirational

A type of speech that uplifts one's emotions

Persuasive

A type of speech that calls for action

Special occasions

A type of speech that honors an important event

Delivery

The execution of the speech

Manuscript

When the speaker has a copy of the script during speech delivery

Memorized

When the speaker knows the speech by heart

Impromptu

When the speaker comes up with a speech on the spot

Extemporaneous

When the speaker is given a few minutes to prepare before delivery

Expository/Informative speech

A speech that aims to inform

Types of expository speeches

Definition

Giving a definition to a term

Demonstration/Process

Explaining steps or a procedure

Description

Describing something or someone

Explanation

Providing an explanation for something

Persuasive speech

A speech that presents propositions of fact, value, or policy

Persuasive strategies

Ethos

The credibility of the speaker

Pathos

Appealing to emotions and feelings

Logos

Using logic and reasoning

Fallacies

Arguments that appear correct but are flawed when analyzed

Ad hominem

Attacking a person rather than the issue

Ad verecundiam

Using a person's authority to seem more credible

Ad misericordiam

Using pity or appeal to emotion

Ad populum

Believing the majority is right (bandwagon fallacy)

Ad ignorantiam

Using the absence of knowledge against someone

Fallacy of post hoc; ergo, propter hoc

Connecting events without a valid connection

Fallacy of complex question

Creating assumptions by asking a question that implies something else

Fallacy of petitio principii

Asserting the thing to be proved as true