US HISTORY - Final

enlightenment

. ideas of John lock

. individualism

. elites and educated

1st great awakening (1740-1750)

. separation from the church

. American identity

. questioned authority

John Edward

during the 1st great awakening, preached to the people to find their own God and to separate from tax established churches.

The french and Indian war (1754-1763)

G. Washington invaded French land and needed back up from the British.

after the war, this British involvement ended salutary neglect. (also called the 7 year war)

Treaty of Paris (1763)

British claimed all the land east of the Mississippi, the land from the french and Indian war.

Start of the revolution

1. The Albany plan of union - B. Franklin’s idea of uniting the colonies.

2. The proclamation of 1763 - British king called that the colonist couldn’t move into the land from the treaty of Paris.

3. War debt —> taxation

4. Navigation laws enforced - British military enforcement on trade.

—->END OF SALUTARY NEGLECT

Acts/events that led colonist to revolt (1764-1776)

1. Sugar act

2. Stamp act

3. Townshed act

4. Declaratory act

5. Boston Massacre

6. Tea act

7. Boston Tea party

8. intolerable acts (coercive acts)

Intolerable Acts

1. Mass Government act - no more self governance in Mass.

2. quartering act - soldiers can live in your house.

3. Boston port act - Boston ports are closed until money from Boston tea party was paid.

4. Administrative + Justice Act - soldiers wouldn’t be punished.

5. Quebec act - better govern of Quebec

1st Continental congress

(all 13 colonies except Georgia) colonies came together to make a plan to stop the British, minute men, Lexington & Concord = first shot.

Second Continental congress

continental army led by washing ton (all 13 colonies)

Thomas Paines common sense

a pamphlet written for “common people”, convincing them to want independence.

Battle of trenton

on Christmas, an ambush, when G. Washington crossed the Delaware.

Battle of saratoga

gained french support (VERY IMPORTANT)

Battle of Yorktown

Cornered the British between the Continental army and the Atlantic, end of war

The northwest ordinance

after people move into land (through the land ordinance of 1785) colonies could be made with 60,000 people.

Shay’s rebellion

farmers response to not getting paid for war service, results of weak articles of confederation

James Madison

father of the constitution

The great compromise

New Jersey Plan = the senate

Virginia plan = the house of representatives

COMBINATION OF BOTH

3/5ths compromise

every 5 slaves counted as 3 people in votes

Fugitive slave clause

southerners could go to the north and capture runaway slaves.

Federalists vs. Anti-federalists

Federalists(Hamilton)=strong central government, loose construction, pro-British capitalism, northern elites

Anit-federalists(Jefferson)= weakened government, strict construction, pro-French individualism, pro slavery, southerners

John Adams

during his presidency he established the Alien and sedation acts.

Marbury vs. Madison

outcome: Judicial review- the courts can decide if the Congress or president do unconstitutional things.

How did T. Jefferson become a federalist?

He bought the Louisiana territory (in the Louisiana purchase).

Also passed the embargo act: to stop British and French harassment, banned trading with those countries.

Causes of the war of 1812

1. Impressment

2. Canadian guns

3. War hawks

Fort McHenry

the fort was bombed but by a “miracle” is wasn’t destroyed, an American flag was placed apon it - start of american pride/nationalism

Monroe doctrine

John Quince Adams - presidents proclamation of the war and that Europeans must leave the western hemisphere = ISOLATIONISM

The Adams Onis treaty

bought Florida from spain

The Main law of 1851

alcohol ban

Dorthea Dix

prison reformer - modernization of jail, mental illness and rehabilitation

Horace Mann

education reformer - tax founded public schools.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Lueretia mott

women’s rights - organized senica falls convention.

Susan B anthony

women’s rights - co-founded NWSA (national women’s suffrage association) & senica falls convention.

The market revolution

improved infrastructures, the American system, telegraph, and railroads

wade davis bill

changes Lincoln's 10% plan to 50% of the southern state’s white male voters to sign an oath to never support the confederacy again.

Jonson’s plan

must accept 10% plan and the 13th amendment (end slavery), killed the freedmen’s bureau, passed black codes

the 14th amendment

if you are born in the United States, that makes you a US citizen, and this overturned the Dredscott decision.

the 15th amendment

all MEN have the right to vote. (not only white men now)

Enforcement act

northern military was sent to stop violence from the KKK→ didn’t work

civil rights act of 1866

everyone (regardless of race) had the same rights legally

compromise of 1877

south said that the north could pick a republican president if they shut down reconstruction.

National labor union vs. Knights of labor

1. the NLU wanted an 8-hour work day

2. Knights of labor wanted social change, and government control of railroads

the American protective association (APA)

opposed immigration and wanted literacy tests and Chinese exclusion act

steel

Carnegies owned US steel

Oil

rocjefellers owned standard oil

Banking

J. P. Morgan owned chase

railroad

vanderbilts owned rail road companies

Teller amendment

told Cubans they would be freed after the war

sinclair’s jungle

book describing investigated food process, influenced the FDA