🧬 DNA vs RNA

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5 Terms

1
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What is the key difference in the sugar component of DNA and RNA?

DNA contains deoxyribose, which is missing one oxygen atom at the 2′ carbon, while RNA contains ribose.

2
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Compare the nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA.

DNA Bases:
  • Adenine (A)
  • Thymine (T)
  • Guanine (G)
  • Cytosine (C)
RNA Bases:
  • Adenine (A)
  • Uracil (U)
  • Guanine (G)
  • Cytosine (C)
3
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Describe the structural difference in strands between DNA and RNA.

DNA is typically a double-stranded helix, whereas RNA is generally single-stranded.

4
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How do the base pairing rules differ between DNA and RNA?

DNA Base Pairing:
  • A (Adenine) pairs with T (Thymine)
  • C (Cytosine) pairs with G (Guanine)
RNA Base Pairing:
  • A (Adenine) pairs with U (Uracil)
  • C (Cytosine) pairs with G (Guanine)
5
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Compare the stability and primary roles of DNA and RNA.

DNA Stability and Role:
  • More stable
  • Stores genetic information long-term
RNA Stability and Role:
  • Less stable
  • More temporary (e.g., messenger role, protein synthesis)