unit 3 bio

Cell theory: Cells are the_______

basic unit of structure and function

Cell theory: All living things are_____

made up of one or more cells

Cell theory: Existing cells____

come from preexisting cells through reproduction

Virchow

all cells come from other cells

Schleiden

plants are made of cells

Schwann

all living things are made of cells

Hooke

coined the term cell

Lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

prokaryotic cell

mostly single-celled organism

prokaryotic cell

have nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

eukaryotic cell

bacteria

prokaryotic cell

rough endoplasmic reticulum

manufactures and packages proteins to be shipped to the cell

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

makes carbohydrates and lipids

nucleus

holds info for cell through DNA

ribosomes

makes proteins using DNA as instructions

cytoplasm

the jellylike substance all organelles are floating in

golgi apparatus “shipping center”

modifies, ships, and routes proteins

lysosomes

houses and breaks down chemicals: proteins, lipids, and DNA

cell wall

only in plants. for structure and helps plant cell not burst.

vacuole

storage area for cell

mitochondria

breaks down glucose for cell

chloroplast

photosynthesis

peroxisomes

breaks down fatty acids and amino acids

leigh syndrome

cells can’t produce energy due to mitochondria malfunctioning

fluid mosaic model

diverse proteins. components can float around.

Protein functions

Enzyme activity

cell to cell recognition

cell signaling

transport of materials

maintain cell shape by attaching to cytoskeleton

intercellular junctions to attach adjacent cells

cell to cell recognition

glycoproteins

cell signaling

glycoproteinstran

transport of materials

transport proteins

types of transport proteins

channel proteins, gated channel, and carrier proteins

what kinds of molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane? polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

what kinds of molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane? small or large

small

what kinds of molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane? charged or uncharged

uncharged

what kinds of molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane? hydrophobic or hydrophilic

hydrophobic

endocytosis

ingests through phagocytosis or pinocytosis

exocytosis

getting rid of substances through vesicles

is this hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic.

Inside the cell is 25% solute and

outside the cell is 5% solute.

Hypotonic

lyse

Animal cells bursting because of a hypotonic solution

turgid

a plant cell in a hypotonic solution. has good turgor pressure.

flaccid

when plant cells are not in hypotonic solutions. water exits and loses turgor pressure