metabolism of ribose, fructose, etc. - Corso

Where in glycolysis does the PPP branch off?

G6P (glucose 6-phosphate)

What is the purpose of the PPP?

• MAKE ribose

  • ribose needed for DNA, RNA, NADPH

The oxidative phase of the PPP produces how many NADPH?

2

A glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency causes what?

hemolytic anemia

A deficiency in B1 or ______________________ will cause problems in the PPP.

thymine

In what type of cells is G-6-PD the only source of NADPH?

RBC

A patient with a liver aldolase B deficiency would have problems tolerating what sugar?

fructose

Symptoms of Aldolase B deficiency:

• hypoglycemia

• high lactate

• low ATP

What is the polyol pathway?

• converts glucose to fructose in 2 steps

• done in the eyes

What happens to the polyol pathway in diabetes?

• reaction increases

• leads to increase intraocular pressure

• leads to retinopathy and cataracts

Galactosemia leads to what condition?

cataracts

What are the products made from UDP-Glucose?

• glucose

• glycogen

• lactose

• proteoglycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids

What are glucuronates used for?

to increase water solubility of target molecules to activate excretion from the body

What is the importance of glucuronate for bilirubin excretion?

bilirubin is not water soluble= need glucuronates to increase solubility so it can be excreted

How is lactose made?

from glucose and galactose

What are glycoproteins?

oligosaccharide sugars attached to a protein

What molecule is necessary to kickstart the process of making glycoproteins?

UDP-glucose