aristotle and plato

aristotles reality date and book

340 BC ‘metaphysics’

aristotles reality main quote

“all men by nature desire to know” (opening line)

what is aristotles reality

reality exists in the physical world around us

aristotles reality humes critisism quote

“purpose in nature is a human imposition not an objective reality”

aristotles reality julia annas strength

hylomorphism (reality= matter + form) is a perfect solution to heraclitus problem of change

aristotle 4 causes date and book

350 BC ‘physics book II’

aristotle 4 causes quote

“we do not have knowledge of a thing until we have grasped why”

what are the 4 causes

material, efficient, formal and final

4 causes dawkins critique

natural selection gives the appearance of design and telos

aristotles prime mover date and book

340BC ‘metaphysics’

aristotle prime mover quote

“the actuality of thought is life and god is that actuality”

nature of prime mover

unmoved, eternal, immaterial, final

dawkins critisism prime mover

rejects it in ‘the god delusion’ as an unecassary metaphysical leap beyond what science can explain

russel cristisism quote for cause

“the universe is just there and thats all”

platos cave date and book

380BC ‘the republic’

platos cave quote

“the truth would be literally nothing but the shadows”

nietzsche quote critisism of platos cave

“what is truth? a mobile army of metaphors”

julia annas strength of platos cave

captures the difficulty and value of philosophical thinking

what is the prupose of platos cave

an allegory to represent how most people live in ognorance like prisoners trapped in a cave

platos forms date and book

380BC ‘the republic’

platos forms quote

“the intelligible realm beyond all sensible things’

platos forms popper critisism

argued he promotes dangerous idealism seeking perfection leads to authoritarianism

hierachy of forms quote

“source of being and reality’’ - the form of the good

platos reality date and book

380 BC ‘ the republic’

platos reality quote

“no man ever steps in the same river twice for he is not the same man and it is not the same river” - heraclitus

what is platos reality

the world we see around us is imperfect, constantly changing and unreliable

platos reality crisitism kenny

we cn learn from the senses he suggests plato overemphasises reason and fails to appreciate empirical evidence