human growth and development fn

A mother who plays a strong managerial role in parenting would most likely do which of the following for her adolescent daughter?

 

Monitor her choice of friends and activities.

In 2019, the average age for first marriage in the United States was 30 years for men and 28 years for women. These ages for first marriages are

 

higher than at any point in U.S. history.

Christie allows her children many freedoms with very few limits and believes their creativity will be enhanced this way. Her children lack self-control and are domineering with peers. Which of Baumrind's parenting styles does Christie employ?

indulgent

Ten-year-old Maria has experienced frequent physical abuse throughout her childhood. She is at risk for which of the following?

 

attachment problems

 

depression

 

delinquency

 

All answer choices are correct.

all

Steven now recognizes the signs indicating that his infant daughter needs a nap. This is an example of

 

reciprocal socialization.

Which of the following is true regarding remarriage and blended families?

 

Children in remarried families have similar adjustment problems to those in divorced families.

Many American families experience ongoing, unhealthy parent–adolescent conflict, which is associated with which of the following adolescent behaviors?

 

teen pregnancy and early marriage

About half of children whose parents divorce will have a stepparent within__________ years.

4

The main point of the epigenetic view of development is

 

a bidirectional exchange between heredity and environment.

Fifteen-year-old Katherine is in a long-established simple stepfamily. Which of the following most likely describes Katherine's relationship with her stepparent?

 

Katherine benefits from the presence of her stepparent.

The restrictive, punitive parenting style in which parents exhort the child to follow directions and be respectful is referred to by Baumrind as

authoritarian

Which of the following statements is true regarding gay and lesbian relationships?

 

Areas of conflict in a homosexual relationship are very like those of heterosexual partners.

Barton and Alonna just moved in together. They will most likely

 

split up within five years.

What has research shown about grandparent–child relationships?

 

Grandmothers tend to have more contact with grandchildren than grandfathers.

In which social context does reciprocal socialization take place?

microsystem

Sheri's infant daughter mimics facial expressions and hand gestures. This is an example of

 

a reciprocal socialization.

In a cross-cultural comparison, how did individuals in the United States stand on the issue of corporal punishment in parenting?

 

They were among those with the most favorable attitudes toward corporal punishment.

Which of the following statements is true regarding marriage in the United States?

 

The majority of adults will marry at some time in their lifetime.

Much of adolescent–parent conflict is born of a need to balance

 

autonomy and attachment.

For children, which of the systems described by Bronfenbrenner would be most heavily influenced by the increasing number of women working outside of the home?

 

exosystem

In which of the following countries is chastity the most important factor in determining a marriage partner?

 

China

Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is highly demanding and not very responsive?

authoritarian

Which of the following has been linked to families with a working mother?

 

Children have more egalitarian views of gender.

Which of the following factors may contribute to child maltreatment?

 

social isolation

 

single parenting

 

low socioeconomic status

 

All answer choices are correct.

all

Which of the following is true of the transition to parenting?

 

About one-third of couples show an increase in marital satisfaction after becoming parents.

__________ involve(s) a parent or teacher adjusting the level of guidance to fit the child's performance.

Scaffolding

Sometimes Michelle's mom takes work calls while they are eating dinner. This influence on Michelle comes from her

exosystem

Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is highly demanding and not very responsive?

authoritarian

A recent study in Great Britain found that the most-cited reason for a breakdown in marriage was

 

growing apart.

Which of the following statements is true regarding marriage in the United States?

 

The majority of adults will marry at some time in their lifetime.

Bronfenbrenner refers to the setting in which the individual lives, such as family, peers, school, and work, as a(n)

 

microsystem.

Lori and Spencer have a loving and supportive marriage. What is a likely indirect result of their satisfied relationship?

 

sensitive, responsive parenting

One benefit of everyday adolescent–parent conflict is that it

 

helps adolescents become more autonomous.

Tony is a second-generation immigrant who is heavily influenced by his ethnic heritage and cultural practices. This influence is an example of Tony's

macrosystem

In a cross-cultural comparison, how did individuals in the United States stand on the issue of corporal punishment in parenting?

 

They were among those with the most favorable attitudes toward corporal punishment.

In 2019, the average age for first marriage in the United States was 30 years for men and 28 years for women. These ages for first marriages are

 

higher than at any point in U.S. history.

According to research, when compared with children in heterosexual families, children of lesbian or gay parents

 

show no differences in their adjustment and mental health.

Who will cope better with their parents' divorce?

 

children with easy temperaments rather than those with difficult temperaments

In which of the following countries is chastity the most important factor in determining a marriage partner?

china

Matt and Tamela reward good behavior and ignore bad behavior when possible. When punishment is required, they calmly employ techniques like time-outs and verbal reasoning. Which of Baumrind's parenting styles do Matt and Tamela employ?

authoritative

Much of the child–parent conflict in early adolescence is likely to center around

 

the everyday events of family life.

Chad's father spends three days a week away from home on business trips and is usually tired and grouchy on the day he returns home. This causes stress in Chad's

exosystem

Of the following, who is most likely to abuse a child?

parent

Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is highly involved but not very demanding?

indulgent

Which idea about divorce is best supported by available evidence?

 

Children that show problems after a divorce were often affected by marital conflict even before the divorce.

Which of the following has/have been linked to more vacation/leisure time?

 

better health and lower mortality rate

Running, jumping, sliding, and throwing balls are examples of

 

practice play.

Which of the following has/have research shown to be positively correlated with a greater amount of leisure-time activity in middle-aged adults?

 

higher-level cognitive performance

 

longer life spans

 

lower rates of Alzheimer disease

 

All of the answers are correct.

all

Charlie is well liked by many of his peers. He has high self-esteem, controls his temper, and is generally cheerful. What is Charlie's peer status?

popular

Which of the following is a true statement about adolescents with older friends?

 

They are more likely to engage in delinquent behaviors.

In what type of play group is DeLeon, a 7-year-old boy, most likely to engage?

 

a large cluster

Dr. Janz is comparing various aspects of several countries and religions. This type of study is termed

 

cross-cultural.

Kenna plays "store" and uses blocks and boxes for shelves and goods for sale. She is engaged in which type of play?

 

pretense/symbolic

In 2018, what percentage of U.S. children and adolescents were living in families below the poverty line?

 

about 16.2 percent

John Coie suggests three reasons that aggressive, peer-rejected boys may have problems with social relationships. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of these boys?

 

lack of spontaneity and impulsiveness

Sheryl and Lynda are close friends. Which of the following statements most likely characterizes their relationship?

 

They often get together just to talk.

Research shows that children who are isolated from or rejected by peers may be

 

prone to depression.

As a minister who is concerned about the welfare of her parishioners, Reverend Douglas creates many roles in the church for retired church members. Reverend Douglas appears to be applying__________ theory.

activity

What is the main way that adolescents connect with their friends?

texting

__________ children often have more serious adjustment problems than__________ children.

 

Rejected; neglected

Not all friendships are healthy or positive. Which of the following friend characteristics is NOT developmentally advantageous?

coercive

Jack is often sad because he just experienced the loss of his favorite pet. His friend Jason frequently makes Jack laugh and offers to take him to movies and so on. This is most likely an example of which friendship function?

 

stimulation

Bryn loves to see the toys on her bouncer seat move when she kicks her feet. In which of Bergen's play types is Bryn engaged?

sensorimotor

Eddie's childhood is marked with persistent and long-standing poverty. Compared to a child not living in poverty, Eddie is more likely to be exposed to which of the following?

 

environmental toxins

 

family turmoil

 

exposure to violence

 

All answer choices are correct.

all

Irma is an older adult. Although she has adequate food, health care, and other resources, she lacks non-assistance-related social support such as emotional closeness with others. Which of the following statements is true regarding Irma's situation?

 

Irma has a higher risk of earlier death.

The double disadvantage suffered by ethnic minority individuals consists of

 

prejudice and poverty.

In a recent national study of 15,000 students in grades 6 through 10, how many had been involved (as a perpetrator or victim) in bullying?

 

almost one in three

Which peer status includes children who have many friends and are rarely disliked by peers?

popular

Which of the following peer contexts influences child and adolescent development?

 

religious setting

 

sporting event

 

neighborhood

 

All answer choices are correct.

all

All of the following are true of social support in older adults EXCEPT that

 

it is linked with low self-esteem.

Marla wants to be a writer but continues to receive rejections for her submitted articles. She says, "I just have to be patient and keep improving my writing craft." Marla displays a

 

growth mindset.

Which approach to student learning is criticized for turning children into passive learners who do not learn to think critically or creatively?

 

direct instruction

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, which ethnic group has the highest school dropout rate?

Latinxs

Retirement is

 

a diverse process that varies across different populations and individuals.

Samantha wants to finish her term paper by Friday. What type of goal is this?

proximal

Kevin feels insignificant in his new junior high school. "Kids used to look up to me, but here I'm just one of the ‘little people.’" Kevin is experiencing

 

the top-dog phenomenon.

Boys are__________ to be identified with an autistic disorder as girls.

 

four times as likely

Intrinsic motivation is emphasized in which developmental approach?

cognitive

The highest incidence of ADHD occurs in

boys

Which of the following is NOT a stressor associated with the transition to middle or junior high?

 

increased independence from direct parental monitoring

Dyslexia is a learning disability characterized by severe impairment in the ability to

 

read and spell.

A recent analysis of U.S. workers over 50 found that about 50 percent

 

were pushed out of their long-term jobs before they intended to retire.

Brad procrastinates in starting his research paper, because he is not confident in his writing skills and he doubts he can do the subject justice. This is an example of which type of orientation?

helpless

How does the job performance of middle-aged workers compare to that of younger adults?

 

For most jobs, no differences in performance have been found.

Extrinsic motivation is an integral component of which developmental perspective?

behavioral

The transition from high school to college is much like the transition from elementary to middle or junior high school, in that

 

the top-dog phenomenon is replayed.

Which of the following statements about expectations and student achievement is NOT true?

 

It is beneficial for parents to set low standards to protect their children's self-esteem.

One of the best predictors of job performance in older adults is

 

cognitive ability.

What percentage of part-time U.S. college students were employed in 2018?

81 percent

Teachers who create circumstances for students to engage in self-determination are called__________ teachers.

 

autonomy-supportive

Which of the following statements about ADHD is true?

 

Stimulant medication is often used to treat ADHD.

Every morning, Mr. Lawson's students learn one new word. First, students make a guess at the meaning. Next, they explore their anthology book for the word in context. Finally, they look up the word in a dictionary. Which teaching method does this best illustrate?

 

constructivist approach

Which of the following is NOT a possible explanation found by Stevenson and his colleagues for why Asian student math scores are higher than those of students in the United States?

 

U.S. students are more prone to learning disabilities.

Kael knows that this will be a challenging semester, but he feels that, with effort and discipline, he will succeed. Kael has

 

high self-efficacy.

The director says, "We believe that direct instruction and drill and practice will help our kindergarten students master the skills needed for future school success. We don't waste time on silly games and fluff." This kindergarten is primarily

 

teacher centered.

Euthanasia that occurs when death is deliberately induced is termed

 

active.

Two hundred years ago, approximately what percentage of children died before the age of 10?

 

almost 50 percent

U.S. culture uses euphemistic terms for death. This is an indication of

denial

Janae worries, "I should go see Bonnie, but I have no idea what to say to someone who is dying." What should Janae do?

 

encourage Bonnie to reminisce and talk about happy memories

The leading cause of infant death in the United States is known to be

 

sudden infant death syndrome.