Lecture #27- Gas Exchange and Transport

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to gas exchange and transport, including principles, laws governing gases, and physiological processes involved in respiration.

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures

Total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equals the sum of partial pressures exerted by each gas.

Partial Pressure

Pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture, directly proportional to its percentage in the mixture.

Henry's Law of Dissolved Gases

Gases in contact with aqueous solutions dissolve in proportion to their partial pressure.

External Respiration

Exchange of O2 and CO2 across the respiratory membrane.

Internal Respiration

Capillary gas exchange with body tissues, where partial pressures and diffusion gradients are reversed compared to external respiration.

Oxyhemoglobin

Hemoglobin-O2 combination that occurs when oxygen binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Condition where carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin much more readily than oxygen (200 times greater affinity), leading to reduced oxygen transport.

Bohr Effect

Phenomenon where an increase in CO2 and H+ concentration enhances O2 unloading from hemoglobin.

Haldane Effect

Deoxygenated blood has an increased capacity to carry CO2; oxygenation decreases the ability to carry CO2.

Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate Buffer System

Buffer system that resists changes in blood pH by converting CO2 and water into carbonic acid and bicarbonate.