women in music- exam 2

Godey’s Ladies Book

one of the most popular magazines for women at the end of the 19th century; included pictures of women performing on specific instruments

Etude Magazine

music specific magazine; contained sheet music; pedagogical advice

“ladies” orchestras

string groups organized by women because of a lack of opportunities in professional groups

tin pan alley

sheet music industry in NYC during the early 20th century that promoted a variety of popular styles and genres

parlor song

an early American song form dating back to the late 1700s; meant to be sung in the home; performers and audiences were amateurs

country music

white “hillbilly” music of the rural South; used Folk instruments: autoharp, guitar

diddly bow

one string instrument used to accompany early Blues and Gospel songs

spiritual

religious music of black Americans during time of slavery

gospel

religious music that emerged in urban areas at the beginning of the 20th century

blues

secular music that emerged in the night club scene of the 1920s

“male gaze”

sexual objectification of the female body by an empowered viewer

rock and roll

american music style which became popular in the 1950’s; lyrical emphasis on love and sexuality; use of electronic instruments and amplifiers

“girl groups”

signifies the first widely recognized work of women in rock; crossover between black and white markets

motown

record company based in Detroit; “motor city”

the Brill Building

office building in NYC; “one stop shopping” for anyone wanting to get involved in the music industry

MTV

debuted in 1981; provided instant access to the latest music and artists

performace art

combining all elements of the arts (music, theatre, dance, visual arts) into one performance

musical

a play that includes singing and dancing as well as spoken dialogue

academy

in the Baroque, a circle of friends who gathered together to discuss literary and philosophical ideas

castrato

a man who was castrated before puberty, resulting in the retention of a treble vocal range

verismo

“realism”; refers to late 19th c. opera plots that favored realistic everyday life

megamusical

uses pre-set special effects and staging to capture the audience; computerized lighting, electronically enhanced special effects; sound-advances to create a “movie-like” atmosphere

what performance opportunities were available to women in the late 1800’s to the early 1900’s?

• composing

  • parlor songs

• publishing houses

• private teaching

• orchestra players

  • all female orchestra’s were formed while the men were off in the war

• dance halls

examples of girl groups

• the chantels

• the andrews sisters

how were most girl groups formed?

started as groups in their highschool choirs

what positive and negative contributions did girl groups make towards women’s recognition in the music industry?

• + they got noticed, average every day girls felt seen

• - everyone is replaceable, they didn’t make much money, no individualism

these groups were very short lived