Chemistry: Lesson 9 (Formation of Ions)

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6 Terms

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valence electrons

  • outermost shell: valence shell

  • electrons in outermost shell: valence electrons

  • number of valence electrons determines reactivity

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noble gases (stability)

  • full valence shells and very stable

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ions

  • for reactions to occur, elements gain/lose electrons from their valence shell until it is full and they become stable, charged ions

  • ion: atom that has lost/gained electrons

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positive ions —> cations

  • a positive ion has lost one or more electrons so its valence shell will be full

  • metals lose electrons to form positive ions (cations)

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negative ions —> anions

  • negative ion has gained one or more electrons so its valence shell will be full

  • non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions (anions)

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stable vs. unstable elements

stable: has a full valence shell of electrons (ie. ions and noble gases)

unstable: does not have a full valence shell of electrons