Unit 1a – C++ Syntax & Expressions

What is the << operator called in cout?

The stream insertion operator

What are the main C++ data types?

Integers, floats, text, boolean

What are escape sequences in C++?

\n = newline, \t = tab, \\ = backslash, \' = apostrophe

What happens if you exceed type limits?

Overflow/underflow

Why is hex used in debugging?

Memory is binary, but hex is shorter and easier to read

What are types?

Indicate how many bits/bytes of storage are required and how to interpret the number being stored

What are expressions in C++?

Combinations of variables, values, and operators. Examples:

Integer division: 5 / 2 = 2

Modulo: 5 % 2 = 1

What is casting?

Converting one type to another. Example: (double) 5/2 = 2.5

How do you generate random numbers?

srand(time(0));    // seed random

int r = rand();    // random int

RAND_MAX is the maximum random value.

Seeding:

srand(int seed) lets us make each run of generated numbers different

What are basic math functions in <cmath>?

pow(x,y), sqrt(x), sin(x), cos(x), abs(x)