APUSH: American Revolution

Period 3

What was the main focus of The Great Awakening?

Religion

This put an important spin in the society, America's religious communities during this time were divided from the Old believers to the New:

Great Awakening

"No Person or Persons, inhabiting in this Province or Territories, who shall confess and acknowledge One almighty God, the Creator, Upholder and Ruler of the World; . . . shall be in any Case molested or prejudiced, in his or their Person or Estate, because of his or their conscientious Persuasion or Practice, nor be compelled to frequent or maintain any religious Worship, Place or Ministry, contrary to his or their Mind."

excerpt from Charter of Pennsylvania, by William Penn

Effects of the French and Indian War

British started to enforce the Navigation Acts strictly (no more statutory neglect)
British troops now are in America
Revenue becomes the priority

What was the Albany Plan of Union?

A plan presented by Benjamin Franklin to unite the colonies by raising money, train militia, and organize the government

Who was sent to Ohio River Valley right before the French and Indian War to persuade the French to go home?

George Washington

Who are the sides of the French and Indian War?

colonies of French and their Indigenous allies(Algonquin and Huron.) VS colonies of British and their Indigenous allies (Iroquois

Confederacy)

What was the Treaty of Paris 1763?

The ending of the French and Indian war whereby all French territory east of the Mississippi as well as Spanish territory of Florida were signed to Britain (in 1763)
Now Britain becomes the dominant colonial power in North America and France is out of North America.
Benjamin Franklin helped negotiate that treaty

What were the causes of the French and Indian War?

1) There had already been animosity between England and France in the past 100 years

2) They both claimed the same land, the Ohio River Valley, wanting it forresources, trade, river transportation and to expand their settlements.

3) ultimately it was a fight for who would control the North American continent and be the dominant power.

What was the Proclamation of 1763?

It was set up by the British after the French and Indian War to prevent conflict with Native Americans who helped the British, it forbade the colonists from purchasing land west of the Appalachians. To enforce the Proclamation, the royal government stationed 10,000 troops in the colonies--the first time a standing army has been stationed in the colonies in peacetime

What was the Sugar Act 1764?

A tax on molasses, sugar and other foreign imports that unlike previous taxes, was strictly enforced, disrupting the colonial conomy

What was the Stamp Act 1765?

the first direct tax on colonists. It required the colonist to buy specially stamped paper for the printing all newspapers and official documents. “No taxation without representation!” arose from colonial opposition to the Stamp Act.This was repealed.

What was the Townshend Act 1767?

imposed new duties on imports of glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea to the colonies. Which was repealed after it raised little money.

What was the Tea Act 1773?

It authorized the East India Company sell tea directly to American stores, cutting out the wholesalers, making English tea cheaper than tea smuggled in from Holland.

What was the Boston Massacre of 1770?

was a deadly confrontation between British soldiers and a group of Boston colonists, resulting in the deaths of five people. The incident, which took place on King Street, sparked outrage among colonists and is widely considered a pivotal event leading up to the American Revolution.

What were the Intolerable Acts 1774?

Boston Port Act (Boston Port was closed until debt was paid)
Massachusetts Government Act (MA under Marshall Law)
Quartering Act (Let troops live with them)
Administration of Justice Act (British troops back to Britain for trials)
Quebec Act (People in Quebec have special privileges)

What was the Boston Tea Party 1773?

It was when American colonists, disguised as "Mohawk Indians," dumped 342 chests of British East India Company tea into Boston Harbor to protest British policies, particularly taxation without representation

What was the colonists’ response to the Intolerable Acts?

The First Congregational Congress (in Philadelphia) which organized a boycott goods imported from Britain (Suffolk Resolves), petitioned the King with a Declaration of Rights and a list of grievances

Who was Paul Revere?

A Patriot as part of the Sons of Liberty
His engraving of the Boston Massacre made it famous and a rallying point for the rebellion

He was known for his midnight ride to alert the colonists of the British coming at the Battle of Lexington and Concord

Who was Thomas Paine?

Wrote “Common Sense” which argued for 1) independence from England 2)creation of democratic republic

What was the Declaration of Independence?

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. —That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,—That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness."

a formal statement declaring the thirteen American colonies as independent from Great Britain. It was officially adopted on July 4, 1776, by the Second Continental Congress

It was influenced by the writing of John Locke (English Enlightenment philosopher)

By the time of the American Revolution, many American colonists had generally come to believe that the creation of a republic would solve the problems of monarchical rule because a republic would establish:

a small, limited government responsible to the people (not more tyranny!)

What was the United States position in the world economy during the period 1790–1860?

It relied heavily on European capital for its economic expansion, especially through infrastructure projects like canals and railroads, which were often financed with capital from Britain and other European investors.

What was the Battle of Saratoga 1777?

turning point in the American Revolution

Victory in this battle led the Americans had a chance of winning which convinced France to enter the Revolutionary War and side with the American against the British

What was the Treaty of Paris(1783)?

follows the Battle of Yorktown and ends the Revolutionary War
1)The 13 states recognized as free sovereign and independent
2) Boundaries drawn to the states the Northwest territory (which included the present-day states of Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota.) Florida back to Spain
3) Congress HIGHLY encourage the confiscated property returned to loyalists