Area 2: Planning

Who are stakeholders in program planning?

Individuals involved in program operations, those served/affected, and primary users of the program.

What are the key factors for convening stakeholders?

Clear communication, shared decision

What are the outcomes of effective convening?

Strong engagement, shared resources, broad input, smoother program launch & sustainability.

What is the difference between a coalition and a partnership?

Coalition = broad, diverse, more resources, but complex

Partnership = simple, quicker, fewer resources.

What are Olson’s 5 steps in collaborative efforts? (Part 1)

• Prepare the groundwork

• Create an action plan and organize the partnership

• Implement the action plan

• Evaluate the action plan

• Sustain the collaboration

What is the purpose of writing a program rationale?

To secure support/resources by aligning with decision makers’ values, showing ROI, and presenting evidence.

What are the 4 steps to writing a rationale?

• Identify the appropriate background information.

• Title the rationale.

• Write the content of the rationale.

• List the references used to create the rationale.

What are the 3 F’s of program planning?

• Fluidity (sequential steps)

• Flexibility (adaptable)

• Functionality (real outcomes).

Why use an ecological approach in rationale development?

Strengthens program by considering multiple levels of influence.

What are the 3 levels of prevention?

• Primary (prevent onset)

• Secondary (early detection)

• Tertiary (rehab & QoL improvement).

Define a Vision Statement.

Brief description of where the program will be in the future (3–5 years).

Define a Mission Statement.

The distinctive purpose and unique “reason for being” of a program enduring over time.

Define a Goal.

Are general, long-term statements of desired program outcomes and provide the direction upon which all objectives are based.

What does SMART stand for?

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time

Define program objectives

they are the specific actions that need to be undertaken to achieve the goal

What are Process Objectives?

refer to the activities and tasks that lead to the accomplishment of all other levels of objective. These include the number of presentations made, the audience size, staff performance, and resources such as materials, funds, and space

What are impact objectives?

Are the second level in the hierarchy of objectives and are of three types - learning, behavioral and environmen-tal.

What are Learning Objectives (Impact)?

are short-term, specific descriptions of awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and skills in relation to the content being taught.

What are Behavioral Objectives (Impact)?

Describe changes in participant actions or behaviors.

What are Environmental Objectives (Impact)?

refer to environmental or non-behavioral influences on a health problem.

What are Outcome Objectives?

are related to the ultimate goal(s), but are specific, measurable statements of what the educator wants to accomplish at a given time.

Why is stakeholder input important when setting objectives?

Ensures objectives are realistic, culturally appropriate, and aligned with community values/policies.

What are the 5 steps of the Generalized Model?

• Assess needs

• Set goals/objectives

• Develop intervention

• Implement

• Evaluate

What is the purpose of the Generalized Model?

A composite model used in teaching and practice to guide program planning.

Difference between a theory and a model?

Theory explains/predicts relationships

Model organizes concepts/framework for planning.

What does PRECEDE–PROCEED stand for?

PRECEDE = Predisposing, Reinforcing, Enabling Constructs in Educational/Ecological Diagnosis & Evaluation.

PROCEED = Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational & Environmental Development.

What are the 3 PRECEDE phases?

• Social assessment (quality of life)

• Epidemiological assessment (health problems + risk factors)

• Educational/Ecological assessment (predisposing, enabling, reinforcing factors)

What are the 5 PROCEED phases?

• Administrative & policy assessment (resources)

• Implementation

• Process evaluation

• Impact evaluation

• Outcome evaluation.

What are the phases of MATCH?

• health goals selection

• intervention planning

• program development

• implementation preparation

• evaluation

Strength of MATCH?

socio-ecological planning approach. In this model, intervention planning should be aimed at multiple objectives and a variety of individuals. MATCH can be used in a variety of settings

What are the phases of CDCynergy Lite?

• Describe the problem.

• Analyze the problem.

• Plan the intervention.

• Develop the intervention.

• Plan the evaluation.

• Implement the plan.

Strength of CDCynergy Lite?

A community-level model is often used for health communication and social marketing.

What are the first 5 Principles of Learning (Minelli & Breckon)?

1. Use several senses.

2. Actively involve participants.

3. Provide an appropriate learning environment.

4. Assess learner readiness.

5. Establish the relevance of the information.

What are the last 5 Principles of Learning (Minelli & Breckon)?

6. Use repetition.

7. Strive for a pleasant learning experience.

8. Start with the known and move toward the unknown.

9. Generalize the information.

10. Appropriately pace delivery of the information.

What are the first 5 events in Gagné’s Nine Events of Instruction?

1. Gain attention

2. Inform learners of the objectives

3. Build on prior knowledge

4. Present the stimulus

5. Provide guidance

What are the last 4 events in Gagné’s Nine Events of Instruction?

6. Elicit performance

7. Provide feedback

8. Asses performance

9. Enhance retention and transfer

What are the key elements of planning before implementation?

Use models/theories, identify resources, use sequence tools, Create timeline, marketing plan, select methods, consider integration, sustainability, pilot test.

What resources/logistics are needed for implementation?

Funding, staff, materials, facilities plus recruitment, partnerships, intervention development/pilot testing.

What makes good program materials?

Developmentally & culturally appropriate use existing tested materials first adapt/create only if needed.

Why pilot test program materials?

To ensure effectiveness and allow adjustments before full rollout.

What are common barriers to implementation?

Participant reluctance, leadership/admin changes, Lack of support/funding, limited staff time, poor coordination

How can planners address barriers?

Anticipate early, engage stakeholders, pilot test and refine.

What are examples of real world adjustments?

Shorter delivery, simplified content, new teaching methods.

What are teachable moments?

Natural opportunities when audience is most receptive (e.g., new parents at car seat checkup).

Why is ongoing stakeholder input important in implementation?

Increases program acceptability, effectiveness, and sustainability.