Comparative anatomy, geometry, and form/function EXAM 3

Haplodont

A single cone/peg like tooth

Reptiles

What type of animals have haplodont teeth?

Tricodont

Three cusps in a line

Early mammals

What type of animals have tricodont teeth?

Tritubercular molar

Three cusps in a triangle

Dogs

What type of animals have tritubercular molars?

Quadritubercular Molar

Four cusps in a quadrangle

Haplodont

Simplest form of tooth

Haplodont

No occlusion of teeth, simple open, and close movements, swallow whole

Tricodont

Three cusps in a line in posterior teeth

Tritubercular molars

Three cornered molars

Quadritubercular molars

Four cusps that have occlusal contact between maxillary and mandible

Apes and humans

What type of animals have Quadritubercular molars?

A primary center of formation

What does each lobe represent?

Four or more lobes

What are all teeth a combination of?

They show where the lobes are when teeth are developing

What do mamelons show regarding to lobes?

The cusps

On the molars, what determines the location and name of the lobes

Trapezoids

What shape of various dimensions are facial and lingual aspects?

Base of the crown (Cervical) ; occlusal or working surfaces of the crown

What is the short side of the trapezoid on the facial and lingual aspects of teeth? Long side?

Cervical side

what is also known as the neck of the tooth?

Interproximal spaces with interproximal tissue/papilla

What does the trapezoid shape allow for regarding interproximal spaces?

Sufficient bone

What does the trapezoid shape allow for regarding space between the roots?

Each tooth contacts an adjacent tooth which protects interproximal gingiva

What does the trapezoid shape allow for regarding interproximal gingiva?

Mandibular central incisor, maxillary third molar

Which two teeth do not have antagonists

Antagonists

The two teeth on top/below that touch one tooth

Prevent supraeruption/extrusion and helps stabilize remaining teeth

What do antagonists help do when a tooth is lost?

Trapezoid shape

What shape allows for antagonists

Triangular shape

What shape is the medial/distal of anterior teeth?

Strength

What is the wide base of the triangular shape on the medial/distal anterior teeth meant for?

Food penetration; acts like scissors to cut food

What does the tapered outline narrowing to a thin ridge facilitate for on the medial/distal view of the anterior teeth?

Trapezoid shape

What is the shape of the medial/distal view of the maxillary posterior teeth?

Cervical is longer; occlusal is shorter

On the medial/distal view of the maxillary posterior teeth, which surface of the trapezoid shape is longer? Shorter?

Tooth can force into food more easily; grind food down/mastication

Since the occlusal surfaces are more constricted on the medial/distal view of the maxillary, posterior teeth, what does this allow the tooth to do?

Rhomboidal shape

What is the shape of the medial/distal view of the mandibular posterior teeth?

Lingual

Which way does the rhomboidal shape allow the crowns to lean toward on the medial/distal view of the mandibular posterior teeth?

To match with the antagonist cusps of the maxillary teeth

Why do the crowns of the mandibular posterior teeth lean towards the lingual surface on the medial/distal view

Mastication and the beginning of digestion of food

What is the primary function of permanent dentition?

Joints and muscles

What two things allow mastication other than the teeth

Speech (articulation of words) and personal appearance

What are the two other forms and functions of permanent dentition?

Occlusion

When mandibular teeth come into contact with maxillary teeth

Buccal and lingual contours

What direct food to and away from the gingiva?

Inadequate stimulation to gum

What can happen if the contours are too great?

Over contoured

What is it called if the contour is too great

Overstimulation

What can happen if the contour is not enough?

Under contoured

What is it called when the contour is not enough?

Injury

What is caused by overstimulation of the gums with undercontour?

plaque retention and not enough saliva

What is caused by inadequate stimulation of the gums with over contour?

Proximal contacts

Area where two adjoining teeth make contact

Soft tissues

What do proximal contacts help protect

Occlusal/incisal boundary

Where is the proximal contact most prominent in the interproximal space

Alveolar bone at base and proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth

What are the other boundaries of the interproximal space?

Gingival or interdental papilla

Gingiva within the interproximal space

Cervicoenamel ridge/cervical ridge

What corresponds to the height of contour?

Cervical ridge

What is the greatest area of contour scene from the mesial/distal view?

Contact area

What is the greatest area of contour scene from the facial/lingual view?

The work of the tooth

The overall root, form or shape, size, and number is related to what

Angle and position of incisal/occlusal surfaces

Regarding the root form, what is important and how teeth function

More stress

Since the canine has a longer root, what does that put on it?

Used for restoration because it is a good anchor

Since the canine has a longer root, what can it be used for?

Cusps are directly over the roots; strength purposes

Where are the cusps located in correlation to the roots and why?

Dehiscence and Fenestration

Two instances of lack of bone

Dehiscence

What is another word for cleft in the bone?

Fenestration

What is another word for window in the bone?

A flat plane

Occlusal and incisal surfaces of all crowns in either arch don't contact what

Curve of Spee

Curvature formed by the maxillary and mandibular arches in occlusion on posteriors and canine

Curve of Wilson

Concave curve produced when frontal section is taken through maxillary and mandibular molars; lingually inclined

Sphere of Monson

combination of the curve of spee and the curve of wilson