Public Speaking Final | COMM 101 | University of Idaho

Civility

Care and concern for others, the thoughtful use of words and language, and the flexibility to see the many sides of an issue.

public dialogue

Ethical and civil exchange of ideas and opinions among communities about topics that affect the public.

ethical public speaker

considers impact of speech on community

intrapersonal communication

communication with oneself

interpersonal communication

communication with other people

group communication

communication among members of a team

mass communication

communication generated by media corporations

public communication

communication where one person gives a speech

audience centered

considering audience perspectives before, during, and after a speech

speaker

one delivering speech

message

information conveyed by speaker

encoding

translating ideas into communication

decoding

translating communication into ideas

audience

those speaker addresses

channel

means by which message is conveyed

noise

anything interfering with communciation

feedback

signals audience gives a speaker

context

environment where speech occurs

communication apprehension

level of fear associated with communication with others

trait anxiety

apprehension about communicating with others in any situation

state/situational anxiety

apprehension about communicating with others in particular situation

systematic desensitization

technique for reducing anxiety where you teach your body to feel calm during speeches

visualization

constructing mental image of yourself giving successful speech

cognitive restructuring

reducing anxiety by replacing negative thoughts with affirmations (positive thoughts)

affirmations

positive talk

confirm

to acknowledge value in another person

hearing

vibration of sound waves on our eardrums, then impulses sent to brain

listening

process of giving thoughtful attention to another's words/understanding what you hear

interference

anything that stops/hinders listeners from receiving a message

listenable speech

considerate speech delivered in oral style

considerate speech

speech that eases the audience's burden of processing information

jargon

technical language used by special group/activity

slang

informal, nonstandard vocab made from changed words

colloquialism

local or regional informal dialect or expression

euphemism

word/phrase substituting an agreeable expression for offensive one

gender-inclusive language

language recognizing both men/women

culturally inclusive language

language respectfully recognizing different cultures

spotlighting

highlighting specific trait during a speech (sex, race, etc.)

verbal clutter

extra words that pad sentences but don't add meaning

careful listener

listener who overcomes interference to better understand message

ethical listener

listeners who consider moral impact of speaker's message on self/community

critical listener

listener who listens for accuracy of a speech's context/implications of message

speech topic

subject of speech

brainstorming

process of generating ideas randomly without attention to logic, connections, or relevance

general purpose

speech's broad goal (inform, invite, persuade, introduce, commemorate, accept)

specific purpose

focused statement that identifies what speaker what to accomplish

behavioral objectives

actions speaker wants audience to take at end of speech

thesis statement

statement summarizing main ideas, assumptions, or arguments of speech

dialogue

interaction, connection, and exchange of ideas and opinions of others

master statuses

significant position person occupies within society that affect person's identity in almost all social situations

standpoint

perspective from which person views/evaluates society

attitude

general feelings about something

belief

persons idea of what's real, fake, true, untrue

value

person's idea of what is good, worthy, or important

ethnocentrism

belief that one's culture is superior to others

demographic audience analysis

analysis identifying population traits of an audience

open-ended question

question allowing respondent to answer in unrestricted way

closed-ended question

question requiring respondent to choose answer from two or more alternatives

stereotype

broad generalization about entire group based on limited knowledge

empathy

trying to see the world as another does

speaking environment

time/place where speaker will speak

research inventory

list of types of information you have and information you want to find

information overload

when one takes in more information than we can process, and realize there is more information we're expected to know

Boolean operators

words used to create specific phrase that broadens/narrows search on internet

databases

collections of info stored electronically so they are easy to find/retrieve

bibliographic databases

databases indexing publishing data

full-text databases

database indexing complete text

abstract

summary of text in article or publication

index

alphabetical listing of topics discussed in specific publication, along with corresponding year, volume, and page numbers

interview

planned interaction with another organized around inquiry/response

probe

questions that fill out/follow up answer to previous question

plagiarism

presenting another's words/ideas as your own

patchwork plagiarism

constructing complete speech from portions of several different sources

global plagiarism

stealing entire speech from single source and presenting it as your own

incremental plagiarism

presenting select portions from single speech as your own

preliminary bibliography

list of all potential sources you'll use as you prepare your speech

claim

assertion that must be proved

evidence

materials used to support ideas

examples

specific instance used to illustrate concept, experience, issue, or problem

real example

instance that actually took place

hypothetical example

instance that did not take place but could have

narrative

story recounting/foretelling real or hypothetical events

brief narratives

short story illustrating specific point

extended narratives

longer story making connection with broader point

intertextuality

process in which stories reference other stories OR rely on parts of other stories to be complete

statistics

numerical summaries of facts, figures, and research findings

mean

average group of numbers

median

middle number in a series of numbers arranged in ranked order

mode

number that occurs most often in a number set

testimony

opinions/observations of others

direct quotation

exact word-for-word presentation of another's testimony

paraphrase

summary of another's testimony in the speakers own words

expert testimony

opinions/observations of someone considered an authority in a particular field

peer testimony (lay testimony)

opinions/observations of someone who has firsthand knowledge of topic

personal testimony

own opinions/observations used to convey your point

bias

unreasoned distortion of judgement/prejudice about a topic

objective

having fair, ethical, and undistorted view on a question/issue

definition

statement of exact meaning of word or phrase

denotative definition

dictionary definition

connotative definition

implied meaning of a word