Bio 2

4 major groups of macromolecules

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protiens, Nucleic acids

Carbon has __ valence electrons

4

Carbon bonds to itself using____

Single, Double, or Triple bonds

Carbon can form?

chains or rings

Macromolecules

giant molecules

small molecules that contain carbon are called

Monomers(single units)

Monomers can join together to form?

Large Polymers

main source of quick energy for living things

Carbohydrates

C

Carbon

H

Hydrogen

O

Oxygen

N

Nitrogen

P

Phosphurus

S

Sulfur

Carbohydrates

C,H,O Ex: Sugars, Starches, Cellulose, Ratio- 1:2:1

Monosaccharides

Single sugar molecules, Ex:glucose

Disaccharides

Two sugar molecules, Ex: sucrose

Polysaccharides

Polymers of simple sugars, EX: starch, glycogen

Not soluble in H2O, and used to store long term energy, Part of biologicals membranes, made of two types of monomer(Glycerol and fatty acid).

Lipids (Fats, Oils, waxes, and steriods)

Saturated Fatty acids

maximum # of Hydrogen atoms, no double bonds EX: solid fats

Unsaturated Fatty acids

atleast one double or triple bond between C atoms EX: Liquid oils

store and transmit genetic information, made of nucleotide that includes 3 parts

Nucleic Acids

Control the rate of chemical reactions, fold into special shapes, transport substances in and out of the cell

Protiens

Made of monosaccharides and contains C,H,O

Carbohydrate

Made of glycerol and fatty acids, and contains C,H,O,P

Lipid

Made of amino acids, and contains C,H,O,N,S

Protien

Made of Nucleotides and contains C,H,O,N,P

Nucleic Acids