Chopin nocturne

Note Range?

5 octaves and 2 tones

What pedals are used?

Damper and sustain

How is each section defined?

By what theme is used

What could the structure by likened to?

Abridged sonata form

What key does the Nocturne start in?

Em

What key does it end in?

E major

What key does section A modulate to from Em?

To Bm (Dominant modulation)

Section B modulates from Bm to?

B (Tonic major)

What type of inverted 7th chord is used in the Nocturne?

V7c

Are there any tonic pedals used?

From section B till the end

What diminished chord is used throughout the piece?

Dim7

What harmonic feature is suggested to be used at bar 46?

A Tierce de picardie

What harmonic feature is used to create dissonance?

Suspensions

What is constantly played in the left hand throughout the piece?

Triplets

What texture is the piece generally?

Homophonic

What texture feature is used to create a drone in the piece?

Lots of pedal points

What melodic ornament is used in the left hand triplets?

Appoggiaturas

How could the melody of the nocturne be described?

Lyrical and mostly conjunct

Are the phrase lengths irregular or regular?

Irregular

What is different about the second A section?

It is highly ornamented

What rhythmic device is used to create a cross rhythm?

2 against 3

What rhythm is constantly in the LH?

Triplets

How is the mood changed in the link section by the rhythm\>?

The rhythm is simple

Dynamic range?

pp-f

What dynamic marking is at the end of the piece?

Calando (Dying away)

Forces

Piano
Sustain and damper
5 octaves and 2 tones

Structure

Could be described as abridged sonata form
Each section is defined by its themes

Tonality

Starts in Em
Section A- modulates to Bm
Section B- Modulates to B major
Ends in E major (tonic major)

Harmony

Tonic pedals
Tierce de picardie and b45-46
Use of 7th chords e.g. V7c
Dim 7 throughout the piece
Suspensions

Texture

Mainly Homophonic
Constant triplets in LH
Use of octaves -RH b40

Melody

Use of appoggiaturas in section a (C is one)
Lyrical melodies
Mainly conjunct
Irregular phrase lengths
Heavily ornamented repeat of A section

Rhythm

Some ralls
Some tempo rubato
Triplets in Left hand
Link section has simple rhythm to change the mood
Use of 2 against 3 e.g. b2
4/4 all the way through

Dynamics

pp-f
Expressive dynamics
Ends with a calando

How is it typical of the romantic era?

Lyrical melodies
Rich harmonies e.g. dim7
Irregular phrasing
Recurring themes
Frequent dynamic changes
Ornamentation
Wide range in pitch
2 against 3
Character piece
Tempo Rubat
Modulates to related keys

Typical of chopin

Use of abridged sonata form
Only modulates to related keys - suits mood of piece
Inverted 7th chords eg v7c
Homophonic
Pedal points
Irregular phrase lengths
2 against 3