American Imperialism

imperialism - what?

policy of extending a country power and influence through diplomacy or military force

imperialism - who?

developed and highly industralized nations imperialzied weaker, less industrialized nations

imperialism - how?

developed nations may use military force through war, or pay for land or resources

U.S. imperialist activity before the civil war?

- settling of the 13 colonies and displacing the native americans

- french indian war

- trail of tears

- texas

- mexican-american war

U.S. imperialist activity after the civil war

- Hawaii

- China

- Puerto Rico

- Phillippines

- Panama

Pro Arguments - business

new markets for american business to sell goods

Pro Arguments - military

new territories to build military/naval bases

pro arguments- raw materials

new places to get oil, sugar, fruit, etc.

Pro Arguments - humanitarian

bring western - style medicine government economics and relgion

Anti Arguments- business

American businesses should improve wages for america, they can purchase american goods

Anti Arguments - military

America's military shouldn't be pre-occpied with war

Anti Arguments - raw materials

exvacuating raw materials had an inhumane cost

Anti Arguments - humanitarian

American shouldn't impose their way of life on others who may not want or benefit from that

What significant development occurred in Hawaii between 1820 and 1890?

American businesses developed sugar plantations.

What was the purpose of the Hawaiian League formed in 1887?

To protect American economic interests and overthrow the Hawaiian monarchy.

In what year was the Hawaiian monarchy overthrown?

1893

How much did America invest in Cuba's sugar plantations, mines, and railroads?

$50 million

Why did many Cubans rebel against Spain?

They faced economic hardships and sought independence.

What ship did America send to Havana to protect American interests?

USS Maine

What year was the Platt Amendment enacted?

1901

What did the Platt Amendment grant the US the right to do in Cuba?

Have naval bases such as Guantanamo Bay

What authority did the Platt Amendment give the US in relation to Cuban politics?

Authorized intervention in Cuban politics

Which newspapers published sensational news stories about the Spanish in Cuba?

The New York Journal and the New York World

What is yellow journalism?

A form of journalism that exaggerates or makes up stories to attract readers.

How did yellow journalism affect American support for intervention in Cuba?

It galvanized American support to intervene in Cuba.

What year did America declare war on Spain?

1898

What territories did America claim after the war with Spain?

Cuba, Puerto Rico, The Philippines

What was one of the main reasons President McKinley asked Congress to declare war on Spain?

The American people demanded it due to the effect of yellow journalism.

What was one of the goals of the war against Spain?

Free Cuba from Spain's oppressive rule.

What does the Teller Amendment state about US intentions in Cuba?

The US has no intention of taking over Cuba.

What was the US goal regarding Cuba according to the Teller Amendment?

The US wants Spain out of Cuba and seeks freedom for Cuba.

When did America launch a surprise attack in Manila Bay during the Spanish American War?

May 1898

What was the outcome of the surprise attack in Manila Bay?

America destroyed Spain's entire Pacific fleet in 7 hours

Which territories did America seize during the Spanish American War?

Guam and Samoa

When did the US troops invade Cuba during the Spanish American War?

June-July 1898

Which two islands were overtaken by US troops during the Spanish American War?

Cuba and Puerto Rico

Who led the Rough Riders during the Spanish American War?

Teddy Roosevelt

What was the name of the all African-American regiment that fought in the Spanish American War?

Buffalo Soldiers

What did Filipinos argue after the Spanish lost the war?

They argued they were independent.

What were America's interests in imperializing the Philippines?

Military and economic interests, ideal for naval bases, and to grow American business in China.

How did Filipinos respond to American imperialism?

They resisted and fought a bloody 3-year guerrilla war.

When did America grant the Philippines their independence?

After WWII, in 1946.

What is the Anti-Imperialist Arguement for philippine-american war?

- Anti-Liberty

- pro military, violent

What was the pro-Imperialist Arguement for the philippine-american war?

natural law of economic and race development

Which countries had a 'sphere of influence' in China?

Great Britain, France, Russia, Germany, and Japan

Who wrote the 'Open Door Notes'?

Secretary of State John Hay

What was the purpose of the 'Open Door Notes'?

To outline a policy that would give America protected commercial interests in China

Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

Stated that not only were the nations of the Western Hemisphere not open to colonization by European powers, but that the United States had the responsibility to preserve order and protect life and property in those countries.

Big Stick Diplomacy

After building 16 new navy ships dubbed "The Great White Fleet," Roosevelt put other countries on notice that the US was ready to use their warships if necessary

Panama Canal

Roosevelt intervened in a war between Columbia and Panama in order to get American rights to build and control a canal.

The Great White Fleet

Roosevelt commissioned 4 squadrons of warships and labeled them the "Great White Fleet"

14,000 sailors manned the ships

The fleet set sail in 1907 on the first around the world cruise

What is Dollar Diplomacy?

The idea was to replace military intervention (bullets) with economic investment (dollars) as a means of extending U.S. influence abroad.

How is Dollar Diplomacy viewed in terms of its effectiveness?

Considered to be a failure.

What does Moral Diplomacy reflect about U.S. foreign policy?

It should promote democracy, peace, and self-government, not just economic or territorial gain.

What should the U.S. prioritize according to Moral Diplomacy?

Promoting democracy and moral progress, not just pursuing profit or power.

What role should America play in the world according to Moral Diplomacy?

America should be a helper and example, not a colonizer or exploiter.

Mexico

- Wilson sends pershing to mexico to capture Pancho Villa

- two years and never found him

Roosevelt - Diplomacy Name

Big Stick Diplomacy

Roosevelt - Key Tool

Military Power

Roosevelt - Main goal

maintain order and assert US authority

Roosevelt - Example

Panama Canal, Roosevelt Corollary

Taft - Diplomacy Name

Dollar Diplomacy

Taft - Key tool

economic investment

Taft - main goal

promote stability through trade and finace

Taft - Example

Nicaragua, China

Wilson - Diplomacy Name

Moral Diplomacy

Wilson - Key tool

Moral and democratic ideals

Wilson - Main Goal

support democracy and human rights

Wilson - Example

Mexico, WWI

"Make the world safe for democracy"