Durability bias: the tendency to overestimate how long our emotional reactions (positive or negative) will last. • Impact Bias: the tendency to overestimate the emotional impact of a future event both in terms of intensity and its duration • Misconstrual: errors in predicting emotions because people misrepresent or misimagine the event itself. Inaccurate Theories: errors in predictions about events due to mistaken predictions about the emotional consequences of those events. Can be due to personal experiences or cultural scripts. Motivated Distortions: predictions are biased because people want certain outcomes and distort their mental simulations accordingly, in an overly positive or negative way • Undercorrection: even when you know you may have a bias but not adjusting enough and remaining systematically off in your forecast. Focalism: the tendency to focus too much on the event in question and neglect others experiences that will also influence future emotions. Immune Neglect: failing to recognize how effectively the psychological immune system (defense mechanis as rationalization, reappraisal, denial, etc.) will help us recover from negative events.

Democracy

A system of government in which the power lies with the people, who elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

Photosynthesis

The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.

Oxidation

A chemical reaction that involves the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.

Equilibrium

A state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced, particularly in chemistry, where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Cell Division

The process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells, which can occur through mitosis or meiosis.

Kinetic Energy

The energy that an object possesses due to its motion, calculated by the formula $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ where $m$ is mass and $v$ is velocity.

Natural Selection

A mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin, in which the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Mitosis

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells, each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.

Acid-Base Reaction

A chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base resulting in the formation of water and a salt.

Ecosystem

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.