Unit 0 ET 2:Nomenclature of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Vocabulary flashcards reviewing ionic and covalent compound nomenclature, numerical prefixes, charge balancing, and polyatomic ion formulas from CH 301 Unit 0.

Simple Salt

Another term for an ionic compound, composed of a cation from group I, II, or III and an anion from group V, VI, or VII of the periodic table.

Ionic Compound Charge Balancing

The principle for determining the structure $A_x B_y$ of an ionic compound, where $x$ and $y$ are chosen so that the total positive charge of the cations equals the total negative charge of the anions.

Barium Iodide

An ionic compound with the molecular formula $BaI_2$, formed by combining one $Ba^{2+}$ cation with two $I^-$ anions to satisfy $(+2) + (-1) + (-1) = 0$.

Covalent Compound Nomenclature Formula ($A_x B_y$)

A naming convention for molecules composed of nonmetal elements on the right side of the periodic table (e.g., $H$, $C$, $N$, $O$, $S$, $P$, and halogens), where atom $A$ receives a numerical prefix and atom $B$ receives a numerical prefix plus the suffix "-ide".

Mono- Prefix Rule

A nomenclature rule stating that the prefix "mono-" is used strictly for the second element ($B$ atom) in a covalent compound, never the first element ($A$ atom).

Covalent Numerical Prefixes (1-10)

The prefixes used to indicate atom counts in covalent nomenclature: mono- ($1$), di- ($2$), tri- ($3$), tetra- ($4$), penta- ($5$), hexa- ($6$), hepta- ($7$), octa- ($8$), nona- ($9$), and deca- ($10$).

Carbon Disulfide

A covalent molecule with the molecular formula $CS_2$.

Sulfur Hexafluoride

A covalent molecule with the molecular formula $SF_6$.

Polyatomic Oxygen Suffix Rule

A rule stating that polyatomic anions ending in the suffix "-ate" have exactly one more oxygen atom than similar polyatomic anions ending in the suffix "-ite".

Nitrate

A polyatomic anion with the formula $NO_3^-$.

Nitrite

A polyatomic anion with the formula $NO_2^-$.

Sulfite

A polyatomic anion with the formula $SO_3^{2-}$.

Sulfate

A polyatomic anion with the formula $SO_4^{2-}$.

Phosphite

A polyatomic anion with the formula $PO_3^{3-}$.

Phosphate

A polyatomic anion with the formula $PO_4^{3-}$.

Carbonate

A polyatomic anion with the formula $CO_3^{2-}$.

Ammonium

A polyatomic cation with the formula $NH_4^+$.