Windows Server 2019 Module 5 Section 3 Containers in Windows Server

By using Windows Containers you can

package, provision, and run applications across diverse environments located on-premises or in the cloud.

WIndows Container provide a

complete lightweight and isolated operating system-level virtualization environment to make apps easier to develop, deploy, and manage.

The difference between VMs and Conatiners

VMs simulate a complete computer, while Containers build upon the host os kernel and contain an isolated user mode process for the packaged app.

Differences between the two

What are some times you should use a VM

Need to manage a number of operating systems.

Need to run an app that requires all the resources and services of a full operating system, such as a graphical user interface.

Need an environment that preserves changes and is persistent.

Require full isolation and security.

What are the times you should use a Container

Need a lightweight application package that quickly starts.

Need to deploy multiple instances of a single app.

Need to run an app or process that is nonpersistent on an on-demand basis.

Need to deploy an app that can run on any underlying infrastructure.

What are the types of isolation modes for containers

Process Isolation

Hyper-V Isolation

Process Isolation is

Considered the Traditional Isolation mode for containers

enables multiple container instances to run concurrently on a host

Hyper-V Isolation

In this mode each container runs inside a highly optimized virtual machine. The advantage of this mode is that each container gets its own kernel which causes it to be more stable and secure. This method also adds a hardware isolation level between each container.

Windows containers running in windows server default to using which type of isolation method

Process isolation

Windows Containers running on Windows 10 pro and Enterprise default to using which isolation mode

Hyper-V

What is Docker

a collection of open source tools, solutions, and cloud-based services that provide a common model for packaging (or containerizing) app code into a standardized unit for software development. This Standardized unit is known as a Docker Container.

What is a Docker Container

software wrapped in a complete file system that includes everything it needs to run: code, runtime, system tools, and system libraries, or anything you can install on a server.

The Docker Engine is a

lightweight runtime environment that runs on Linux, macOS, or Windows

What can the Docker Client component be used as

A command line interface(CLI)

Docker Containers can run on

Any computer, infrastructure, and any cloud

To install docker on Windows server you use a

OneGet provider PowerShell chapter published by Microsoft called the DockerMicrosoftProvider.

To use Hyper-V Isolation on windows server you must also install

The Hyper-V role and if it will be installed on a virtual machine it must also have the role

Docker Engine

lightweight runtime environment for building and running Docker containers

Docker Compose

This tool enables you to define a multiple-container app together with any dependencies so that you can run it with a single command. Docker Compose lets you specify the images your app will use with any necessary volumes or networks.

Docker CLI client

This tool includes a command shell that is preconfigured as a Docker command-line environment used to interface with the Docker Engine

Kubernetes

This tool is used to manage and orchestrate containerized applications across multiple hosts. It helps to deploy, maintain, and scale applications.

Credential helper

Used to help safely store Docker login credentials

What is a Docker Hub

a web-based online library service in which you can Register, store, and manage your own Docker images in an online repository and share them with others.

A container base image includes

The user mode operating system files needed to support the provisioned application.

Any runtime files or dependencies required by the application.

Any other miscellaneous configuration files needed by the app to provision and run properly.

Microsoft provides the following base images as a starting point to build your own container image

Windows Server Core

Nano Server

Windows

Windows Internet of Things(IoT) Core

What is the Windows Server Core option

An image that contains a subset of the Windows Server application programming interfaces (APIs) such as the full .NET framework. It also includes most server roles.

What is the Nano Server option

The smallest Windows Server image, with support for the .NET Core APIs and some server roles.

What is the Windows Option

Contains the full set of Windows APIs and system services; however, does not contain server roles.

What is the Windows IoT Core option

Contains the full set of Windows APIs and system services; however, does not contain server roles.

Where can you find Windows container Base images

The Docker Hub and Microsoft Container Registry(MCR)

What are the most common management tasks that use Docker

Automating the process of creating container images by using Dockerfile on a Windows OS.

Managing containers by using Docker.

Automating container image creation by using Dockerfile on Windows

What is Dockerfile

This text file contains the instruction needed to create a new container image. These instructions include the identification of an existing image to use as a base, commands to run during the image creation process, and a command that runs when new instances of the container image deploy.

What does the Docker Build command do

This docker engine command consumes a Dockerfile and then triggers the image creation process

What does the docker images command do

This lists the available images on your container host. As you might recall, you use container images as a base for new containers.

What does the docker run command do

This creates a container by using a container image. For example, the following command creates a container using the default process isolation mode, named IIS and based on the Windows Server Core container image:

docker run --name IIS -it windowsservercore

What does the docker commit command do

This commits the changes you made to a container to a new container image. The commit operation doesn't include data contained in volumes mounted within the container. Note that by default, the container will be paused as the new container image is created.

what does the docker stop command do

Stops a running container

what does the docker rm command do

removes an existing container

The Windows Admin Center Containers extension is used to

perform remote management and monitoring of the containers running on the targeted host machine.

What does the summery management tab provide

a summary of the status of the containers, including how many are running, which images are available, the networks that have been configured, and the volumes used.

What does the Containers tab provide

This provides and extensive amount of status information in both text and graphical format. You can also obtain details, logs, and events from specific container and perform tasks such as End or Delete Containers.

What does the images tab provide

displays and provides details on the images that are available in your local repository. You can also use this tab to delete images from the repository.

What does the networks tab provide

displays the networks that have been configured for the containers. It includes networking information such as subnet and gateway addresses used for the network connection.

What does the volumes tab provide

displays volume information used by containers on the host machine