Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal system

made of muscles, bones, joints, tendons, and connective tissue. Support and move body parts and organs 

Muscles

produce body movement, stabilize body position, store and move substances, and generate heat 

Bones

support and protect the body, and storage area for mineral salts

Joints

articulation of two bones 

Tendon

articulation between bone and muscle 

Orthopedics

prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment 

Orthopedist

Specialist in medical, physical, and surgical methods. Coordinate with other healthcare providers.

Rheumatologist

treatment of arthritis and other diseases of joints, muscles, and bones 

Chiropractic medicine

a system of therapy with a theory that disease is due to pressure on nerves 

Chiropractor

health care provider who treats musculoskeletal disorders 

Fasci/o

band, fascia 

Fascioplasty

surgical repair of fascia 

Fibr/o

fiber, fibrous tissue 

Fibroma

tumor of fibrous tissue 

Leiomy/o

smooth muscle (visceral) 

Leiomyoma

tumor of smooth muscle 

Lumb/o

loins (lower back) 

Lumbodynia

pain in the loins/ lower back 

Muscul/o

muscle

Muscular

pertaining to the muscles 

My/o

muscle

Myorrhexis

rupture of a muscle

Tend/o

tendon

Tendoplasty

surgical repair of tendon 

Ten/o

tendon

Tenotomy

incision of a tendon

Tendin/o

Tendon

Tendinitis

inflammation of a tendon 

Carp/o

carpals

Carpoptosis

downward displacement of the wrist

Cervic/o

neck

Cervical

pertaining to the neck

Cost/o

ribs

Subcostal

beneath the ribs 

Crani/o

cranium

Craniotomy

incision through the cranium 

Humer/o

humerus

Humeral

pertaining to the humerus 

Metacarp/o

metacarpus

Metacarpectomy

excision or resection of one or more metacarpal bones 

Phalang/o

phalanges

Phalangitis

inflammation of one or more phalanges

Spondyl/o

vertebra

Spondylitis

inflammation of any of the vertebrae 

Ankly/o

stiffness, bent, crooked 

Ankylosis

immobility of joint 

Vertebr/o

Vertebra

Vertebral

pertaining to the vertebrae or vertebral column 

Stern/o

sternum

Sternocostal

pertaining to the sternum and ribs 

Calcaneo/o

calcaneum

Calcaneodynia

painful condition of the heel 

Femor/o

Femur

Femoral

pertaining to the femur 

Fibul/o

fibula

Fibular

pertaining to the fibula 

Patell/o

patella

Patellectomy

excision of the patella 

Pelv/i

pelvis

Pelvimetry

measurement of pelvic dimensions 

Pelv/o

pelvis

Pelvis

refers to the hip bone 

Radi/o

radiation, x-ray, radius 

Radiograph

x-ray image 

Tibi/o

tibia

Tibial

pertaining to the tibia 

Arthr/o

joint

Arthrodesis

surgical fixation of a joint 

Chondr/o:

cartilage

Costochondritis

inflammation of cartilage of the anterior chest wall (ribs) 

Lamin/o

lamina (part of vertebral arch) 

Laminectomy

Excision of the lamina 

Myel/o:

bone marrow, spinal cord 

Myelocele

herniation of the spinal cord

Orth/o

straight

Orthopedics

branch of medicine concerned with prevention and correction of musculoskeletal system disorders 

Oste/o:

bone

Osteoporosis

porous bone 

clasia

to break, surgical fracture 

Arthroclasia

surgical breaking of adhesions to improve joint mobility 

clast

to break 

Osteoclast

cells that break down bone 

plegia

paralysis

Hemiplegia

paralysis on one side of body 

sarcoma

malignant tumor of connective tissue 

Myosarcoma

malignant tumor of muscle tissue 

Dia

through, across 

Diaphysis

shaft or middle region of a long bone 

Peri

around

Periosteum

layer that covers the surface of a bone