Biological (over - reactive stress circuits) Genetics (both genes and intergenerational transmission) Personality (self - blame) Inaccurately blaming themselves Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Adverse childhood events: divorce, neglect, abuse, SA, loss of a parent Low Social Support Low SES, Minority Status: increase victimization Severe & Prolonged Traumas: will increase likelihood of PTSD Intentionally inflicted traumas: if someone is intentionally inflecting trauma (moral thingie )