GCSE CHEMISTRY - PERIODIC TABLE

what is the atomic number

the number of protons in an atom

what is the atomic mass

Number of protons and neutrons

how to work out the amount of electrons in an atom

look at the atomic number

how was the first table of elements ordered

by atomic mass

what was the problem with the first table of elements

they were grouped inappropriately

How was Mendeleev's periodic table arranged

by increasing atomic mass

How was Mendeleev's periodic table grouped

by chemical properties

How is the modern periodic table arranged?

by increasing atomic mass

how is the modern periodic table grouped

by number of electrons

What are the group one metals

alkali metals

What is a property of group 1 metals regarding their hardness?

They are soft and can be cut with a scalpel.

How do group 1 metals react with water?

They are highly reactive, even with cold water.

What is the melting point characteristic of group 1 metals?

They have low melting points compared to most other metals.

How does reactivity change in group 1 metals?

Reactivity increases as you go down the group.

What is the physical state of group 1 metals at room temperature?

They are solid at room temperature.

How many electrons do group 1 metals have in their outer shell?

They have 1 electron in the outer shell.

What is the density characteristic of group 1 metals?

They have low density.

What color are the compounds formed by group 1 metals?

The compounds are white.

What type of ions do group 1 metals form?

They form 1+ ions.

Are group 1 metals useful as catalysts?

Yes, they are useful as catalysts.

when group one metals react what happens

they lose an electron from the outer shell

An ionic compound is formed

definition of malleable

able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking.

definition of ductile

a material that can be pulled out into a long wire

transition metals properties

-Dense

-Form coloured compounds

-High melting pts

-Act as catalysts to speed up reactions

-Not very reactive

-Form ionic compounds

-Form different ions

flame tests

lithium - crimson

sodium - orange

potassium - lilac

calcium - orange

copper - green

ion tests

zinc - white

cobalt - blue

magnesium - white

copper - blue

iron (ii) - green

iron (iii) - red, brown

how to store group 1 metals

in oil to stop it reacting

what is the reactivity series

A list of elements ordered by their reactivity

the reactivity series

what is displacement reaction

A reaction in which a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound

what does OILRIG stand for

oxidation is loss, reduction is gain

what is reduction

gain of electrons, loss of oxygen

what is oxidation

Loss of electrons, gain of oxygen

what are group 7 elements called

Halogens (non-metals)

what are the halogens' properties

they naturally occur in pairs

boiling points become higher down the group (diatomic)

what compound is formed when halogens react

halide ions

what are the group 0 elements

noble gases

group 0 propeties

gas at room temperature

unreactive

outer shell is completely full

not flammable

The boiling point goes higher down the group

what is an ionic compound

A compound that consists of positive and negative ions

What a covalent compounds

substances formed when atoms, typically non-metals, share electrons to create strong chemical bonds