Us studies chapter 5

Republic

Government in which citizens rule through their elected officials.

Why isn’t our government a true democracy

Too much power in the hands of uneducated masses.

Describe what my country ment in 1776

Means one’s home state. More loyal to state and country.

Land ordinance of 1785

A systematic plan to survey the newly one land of the north west territory

Shays rebellion

Disgruntled farmers, led by revolutionary war, veteran Daniel Shays, rebel against high taxation in Massachusetts. Close several court houses. State militia attack and scatter. For farmers killed. Pearson’s delegates to Philadelphia in May 1787.

Virginia plan

Written by James Maddison. Bicameral legislature house, elected by the people senate and president elected by house of reps. Wanted someone’s representation to be based on population.

New Jersey Plan

By William Peterson. Unicameral legislature to be elected by state legislatures. Equal representation. One vote per state.

Constitutional convention

12. States sent delegates by unanimous vote, the educated advisers elected the president.

Who stayed away from the constitutional convention

Rhode Island

Northwest ordinance of 1787

Procedure for dividing land into territories. And then state hood.

Articles of confederation

The document that created the first US government

Was very small and being pinned in. Feared super states.

Why did Marilyn take so long to ratify the articles of confederation?

Annapolis convention

Political leaders, Alexander, Hamilton, and James Madison call for a convention of delegates to discuss economic problems. Only five states attend in September 1786 decided to try again in spring.

James Madison

Father of the constitution

Federalism

Shared authority between national and state government

What was the 3/5 compromise

States with a lot of slaves wanted them to count in their population census to boost their representative vote. At the end, they agreed to count three out of every five slaves in population.

The slave trade compromise

The south feared that this new wave of government and documents would take away their right to slave trade. Or it would be abolished. The north then promises Congress will do nothing about slave trade for at least 20 years.

The federalist

Written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay, under the name, Publius, defending the constitution. Stated that division of power and checks/balances would protect American rights.

Delegated power

powers given exclusively to national government

Concurrent powers

Powers retained by individual states

Reserved powers

Those powers given to both national and state government

Letters from a federalist farmer

Probably written by Richard Lee. Criticized the constitution for not listening the rights of Americans that had to be protected. Such as, freedom of speech, religion, and press. Also trial by jury.

Delaware

First state

Supreme court

Settles disputes between reserved/delegated powers.

Federalist ideas

Supported the constitution, favored the balance of power between state and national government. Receive support from urban centers and small states.

Anti-federalist ideas

Favorite. Strong states, not strong government. Also felt constitution. Did not protect the rights of individuals. Support from rural areas. Who feared heavy taxes and big states with strong economy.

Checks and balances

A system built into the constitution to limit the power of all three branches

Legislative

Makes laws. Ran by Congress

Executive

Enforces laws. Ran by President.

Judicial

Interprets laws. Ran by courts.

What were some differences in state constitutions?

Voting. Sam said that all white males could, while Sam said, only male property owners could, other said, just any property owners, including women. This was changed in 1807.

What were some similarities in state constitutions?

Limited power of government leaders, guaranteed freedoms, such as religion, speech, press, and emphasize liberty rather than a equality.

The spirit of laws, 1748. Baron Montesquieu.

In the constitution, they use a lot of political ideas from someone. What book was it from. And who wrote it.

Electoral college

An indirect method of the electing of people of power. This includes president and vice president. States chose who they wanted to represent them. Number of votes equals number of representatives.

Reasons for electoral college

Public ill-informed, communication, slow/unreliable, fear of uneducated mass being swayed by rabble-rousers.

According to Notes five. But according to Mr. McKinney four.

West Virginia has how many votes