AICE International- Unit 1

Bismarck's Imperial Policies

Bismarck supported French imperialism in Africa to create tension between France and Britain, feared a war between Russia and Austria over the Balkans, and resigned in 1890 due to disagreements.

Entente Cordiale

France sought cooperation with Britain after the Fashoda crisis, leading to the Entente Cordiale in 1904, recognizing British protectorate in Egypt and French plans in Morocco.

Triple Entente

The 1907 Anglo-Russian agreement marked the beginning of the Triple Entente, where Russia gave up claims, recognized Chinese sovereignty, and divided Persia with Britain.

Moroccan Crises

Germany challenged French occupation in Morocco in 1911, leading to strengthened ties between Britain, France, and Russia to isolate Germany.

Opium Wars

British defeat of China in the Opium Wars led to concessions, opening Chinese cities to foreign traders, and carving out coastal enclaves for control.

Scramble for China

European powers seized territories in China, leading to the Boxer Rebellion and military intervention by several nations.

South African Tensions

Tensions between Britain and Germany in South Africa escalated with the Jameson Raid, leading to the Second Boer War and increased military spending by Britain.

Imperial Diplomacy

Ambassadors resolved disputes between imperial nations through conferences and treaties to prevent major wars between European powers.

Hague Conference

Established an international court system in 1899 to arbitrate disputes and banned the use of force to collect debts in 1907, aiming to prevent conflicts.

Causes of WWI

Imperial rivalries, shifting alliances, and the assassination of the Austro-Hungarian heir led to the outbreak of WWI in Europe.