Lipids

Class of molecules that do not include true polymers

Lipids.

What size are lipids generally

Small

Why lipids often not considered macromolecules?

They are generally small in size

What is the polarity of lipids

Nonpolar

What does being nonpolar mean for lipids in terms of hydrogen

Hydrophobic

What are the 3 types of lipids?

Fats, Phospholipids, Steroids.

Composed of glycerol and fatty acids

Fats

Classified as an alcohol (Fat)

Glycerol

Why are Glycerols classified as alcohols?

They have many hydroxyl groups.

Long carbon chains fats

Fatty acids

What is at the end of fatty acids that lets it bond to glycerols?

Carboxyl group

How do fatty acids bond to glycerols?

Ester linkage

Bond between a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group

ester linkage

Fatty acid with no double bonds between carbons in the carbon chain

Saturated fatty acids

Why do saturated fatty acids not have double bonds?

They are saturated with hydrogen atoms.

Acid contain one or more double bonds

Unsaturated fatty acid.

Why are unsaturated fatty acids better?

They allow for better fluidity of the fats due to kinks in the fatty acid.

What happens to the appearance of unsaturated fatty acid.

It kinks

What is cholesterol used for in fatty acids?

Separating fatty acid tails to allow for better fluidity.

Major component of cell membranes

Phospholipids.

What are phospholipids made up of.

A glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phopshate group.

How do phospholipids assemble

As a bilayer in H2O

What are the tails of phospholipids

Hydrophobic

What are the heads of phospholipids

Hydrophlic

Lipids that have 4 fused rings

Steroids

What determines the type of steroid?

Unique groups attached to the ring

What are two types of steroids?

Testosterone and estrogen

What is the male hormone

Testosterone

What is the female hormone

Estrogen