Adult Health: Exam #1 - Fluids, diuretics & normal lab values

Isotonic

- 0.9 NS

- LR

- No shift

Hypotonic

- 0.45 NaCl

- 0.225 NaCl

- Shift into cells

Hypertonic

- D5NS

- D5LR

- 3% & 5% NaCl

- parenteral nutrition

- Shift into vascular space

Diuretics

- loop diuretic

- thiazide diuretic

- potassium sparing diuretic

Loop diuretics

- effects the ascending limb of the loop of henle

- ex. furosemide (lasix)

Thiazide diuretics

- inhibits sodium chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule

- ex. hydrochlorothiazide (hydrodiuril)

Potassium-sparing diuretics (aldosterone antagonist)

- increases nephron reabsorption of potassium by interrupting sodium reabsorption in the collect duct

- ex. spironolactone (aldactone)

true or false: you should give patients with altered kidney function lasix

FALSE (don't give pts with altered kidney function lasix)

Normal values: Na

136-145 mEq/L

Normal values: Ca

9-10.5

Normal values: K+

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

(think heart)

What should the nurse do it K+ is high?

hold K+ replacement

Normal values: Mg

1.3-2.1

(think heart)

Normal values: Cl (chloride)

98-106 mEq/L

Normal values: phosphorus

3.0-4.5

Normal values: BUN

10-20 OR 8-22

Normal values: Cr

0.6-1.2

Normal values: Hct

38-45%

true or false: high Hct means dehydration

true

what does low Hct (hematocrit) mean?

excess water

Normal values: Hgb (males)

13.5-17.5

Normal values: Hgb (hemoglobin)

12-15

Normal values: WBCs

5,000-10,000