DCA Test

What is the brand name of baclofen?

Lioresal

What therapeutic class is baclofen?

Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant

What dosage forms are available for baclofen?

Oral tablet; injectable

What are the common indications for baclofen

Muscle spasm and/or musculoskeletal pain

How do you monitor the efficacy of baclofen?

Reduction in ain and muscle spasms

What are the major counseling points for baclofen?

• Avoid activities requiring mental alertness or coordination until effects are known

• Do not stop abruptly due to risk of rebound effects

• Alcohol and other CNS depressants can have additive effects

What is the MOA of baclofen?

Inhibits both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes at the spinal level

What is the brand name of cyclobenzaprine?

Flexeril

What therapeutic class is cyclobenzaprine?

Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant

What dosage forms are available for cyclobenzaprine?

Oral tablet; ER oral capsule

What is the common indication for cyclobenzaprine?

Skeletal muscle spasm

How do you monitor the efficacy of cyclobenzaprine?

Reduction in pain and muscle spasms

What is the MOA of cyclobenzaprine?

Relieves skeletal muscle spasm of local origin without interfering with muscle function.

What are the major counseling points for cyclobenzaprine?

Alcohol and other CNA depressants can have additive effects

Avoid activities requiring mental alertness or coordination until effects are known

What is the brand name of meethocarbamol?

Robaxin

What therapeutic class is methocarbamol?

Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant

What dosage forms are available for methocarbamol?

Oral tablet; injectable

What are the common indications for methocarbamol?

Muscle spasm and/or musculoskeletal pain

How do you monitor the efficacy of methocarbamol?

Reduction in pain and muscle spasms

What are the major counseling points for methocarbamol?

Avoid activities requiring mental alertness or coordination until effects are known

Alcohol and other CNS depressants can have additive effects

What is the MOA of methocarbamol?

Exact MOA in humans is unknown but may be due to general CNS depression. It has no direct action on striated muscle contraction, the motor end plate, or nerve fibers.

What is the brand name of tizanidine?

Zanaflex

What therapeutic class is tizanidine?

Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant

What dosage forms are available for tizanidine?

Oral tablet; oral capsule

What is the common indication for tizanidine?

Muscle spasticity

How do you monitor the efficacy of tizanidine?

Reduction in pain and muscle spasms

What is the MOA of tizanidine?

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist that decreases spasticity by increasing presynaptic inhibition

What are the major counseling points for tizanidine?

Avoid activities requiring mental alertness/coordination until effects are known

Alcohol and CNS depressants can have additive effects

Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions → may cause hypotension

May cause xerostomia (dry mouth)

May cause asthenia (weakness)

What is the brand name of celecoxib?

Celebrex

What therapeutic class is celecoxib?

COX-2 inhibitor/COX-2 selective NSAID

What dosage form is available for celecoxib?

Oral capsule

What are the common indications for celecoxib?

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain

How do you monitor the efficacy of celecoxib?

Decreased pain and improved range of motion

What is the MOA of celecoxib?

Selectively inhibits the COX-2 enzyme; COX-2 inhibition is responsible for its anti-inflammatory effects.

What are the major counseling points for celecoxib?

Take with food or milk to decrease stomach upset

Heart failure patients should avoid NSAIDs because fluid retention (edema) can exacerbate heart failure

Pregnant patients should consult their OBGYN before use

What is the brand name of diclofenac?

Voltaren

What therapeutic class is diclofenac?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

What dosage forms are available for diclofenac?

Oral ER tablet

Oral capsule

Powder for oral solution

Topical

What are the common indications for diclofenac?

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Acute pain

How do you monitor the efficacy of diclofenac?

Decreased pain and improved range of motion

What is the MOA of diclofenac?

Nonselective inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2

What are the major counseling points for diclofenac?

Take with food or milk to decrease stomach upset

Avoid NSAID use due to fluid retention which may exacerbate heart failure

Pregnant patients should consult their OBGYN before taking

What are the brand names of ibuprofen?

Motrin, Advil

What therapeutic class is ibuprofen?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

What dosage forms are available for ibuprofen?

Oral tablet

Oral suspension

Oral capsule

Chewable tablet

What are the common indications for ibuprofen?

Fever

Acute pain

Headache

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Acute gout flare

How do you monitor the efficacy of ibuprofen?

Decreased pain and improved range of motion

What is the MOA of ibuprofen?

Nonselective inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2

Reversibly alters platelet function and prolongs bleeding time

What effect does ibuprofen have on platelets?

Reversibly alters platelet functions and prolongs bleeding time

What are the major counseling points for ibuprofen?

Take with food or milk to decrease stomach upset

NSAID related fluid retention/edema may exacerbate heart failure

Pregnant patients should consult their OBGYN before use

What is the brand name of meloxicam?

Mobic

What therapeutic class is meloxicam?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

What dosage forms are available for meloxicam?

Oral tablet

Oral capsule

Oral suspension

What are the common indications for meloxicam?

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

How do you monitor the efficacy of meloxicam?

Decreased pain and increased range of motion

What is the MOA of meloxicam?

Nonselective inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 → decreased formation of prostaglandin precursors; produces antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects

What are the major counseling points for meloxicam?

Take with food or milk to decrease upset stomach

NSAID related fluid retention/edema may exacerbate heart failure

Pregnant patients should consult their OBGYN before use

Which drugs are centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants?

Baclofen, cyclobenzaprine, methocarbamol, tizanidine

Which muscle relaxant is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist?

Tizanidine (Zanaflex)

Which muscle relaxant inhibits monosynaptic and polysynaptic spinal reflexes?

Baclofen (Lioresal)

Which drugs are NSAIDs/COX inhibitors?

Celecoxib, diclofenac, ibuprofen, meloxicam

What NSAID is selective to COX-2?

Celecoxib (Celebrex)