unit 3

bill of rights

The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which guarantee essential rights and liberties to individuals. It was created to protect citizens from potential government overreach

selective incorporation

ensures that certain rights protected by the Bill of Rights are applicable to the states through the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause. This process allows for individual liberties to be protected from state infringement

symbolic speech

Symbolic speech refers to nonverbal communication that conveys messages or ideas, often used as a form of expression protected under the First Amendment

writ of habeas corpus

legal order that requires a person who is holding another person in custody to bring the detainee before

establishment clause

prevents the government from establishing or endorsing a religion. keeps church and state separate

mcdonald v chicago

a Chicago ordinance banned gun possession. 2nd amendment right applies to state and local government through the 14th amendment. the Court struck down the ban

USA Freedom Act

ended the NSA’s bulk collection of phone records, replacing mass data collection with targeted arrests

exclusionary rule

prevents evidence obtained through illegal means, such as unlawful searches and seizures, from being used in court