LECTURE EXAM 2- Ch 8 & LAB EXAM2- Ch 12

Joints

Joint stregnth and mobility have an _______ relationship.

Inverse

More movement in joint means the ______ the joint is.

Weaker

How would you functionally describe Synarthrosis joints?

no movement at the joint

How would you functionally describe Amphiarthrosis?

Little bit of movement at the joint

How would you funcitonally describe Diarthrosis?

Free movement

What are examples of Synarthrosis joints?

synostosis

synchondrosis

suture

gomphosis

What are examples of Amphiarthrosis joints?

symphysis

syndesmosis

Where is synostosis found?

front of skull on forehead

Where is synchondrosis found?

in ribs

Where is suture found?

side of the skull

Where is gomphosis?

in the gums

Where is symphysis found?

Pubic; in between 2 pubic bones

Where is syndesmosis found?

end of tibia & fibula

Where is synovial found?

synovial membrane (creates capsule around joint)

What are the functions of Synovial Joints?

Lubrication

Shock Absorption

Nutrient Distribution

Protects Articular Cartilage

What is the function of the Meniscus?

Fibrocartilage; channels synovial fluid

What is the function of the Bursa?

fluid filled sac that provides cushion between bone & tendon or ligament

What is the function of ligaments?

connects bone to bone

What is the function of fat pads?

provides shock absorption

What are the types of Synovial Joints?

Pivot; C1 & C2, Radius, & Ulna

Hinge: Elbow(Humerus & Ulna), Knees (Femur & Tibia)

Saddle: Thumb(1st Metacarpal & Trapezium)

Plane(Gliding): Between Tarsals

Condyloid: Radius & Carpals

Ball & Socket: Shoulder(Humerus & Scapula), Hips(Femur & Acetabulum)

Describe Flexion and Extension

Flexion: Decreasing Angle

Extension: Increase Angle

Describe Adduction and Abduction

Adduction: Put together

Abduction: took away

Describe Pronation and Supination

Pronation: Back of hand (facing up)

Supination: Palm of hand facing up (holding soup)

Describe Repression and Elevation

Repression: Bring down

Elevation: Bring up ex: shrugging shoulders

Describe Inversion and Eversion

Inversion: turn inward

Eversion: turn outward

Describe Protraction and Retraction

Protraction: Moving forward

Retraction: Moving backward

Describe Circumduction

Circular Movement

Describe Opposition

Thumb can go toward palm (opposible) how we hold things

Describe osteoarthritis

articular cartilage worn away (specific joints)

Describe Rehumatoid arthritis

autoimmune disorder; flare ups (all joints)