Citric acid cycle, central pathway of carbs, lipid and amino acid metabolism

Mitochondria

Where does the citric acid cycle take place in the cell

Carbs, fats, and proteins

Oxidation of acetyl-CoA can be derived from what

Electron transport chain

The citric acid cycle is feeds into what

Citrate

Acetyl coa enters the cycle forming ___, oxidizing to CO2 with reduction of coenzymes

Anaplerosis

Entry of carbon

Cataplerosis

Exit of carbon

Citrate synthase

Acetyl coa + oxaloacetate → citrate, by what enzyme

Exergonic reaction

The citrate synthase reaction is an

Aconitase

Citrate → cis-aconitate by the enzyme

Cis-aconitate

This serves as an enzyme bound intermediate

Mg2+ or Mn2+

For the formation of alpha ketoglutarate, this step requires what

ADP

The alpha-ketoglutarate step is Allosterically activated by

NADH

The alpha-ketoglutarate step is Allosterically inhibited by

Succinyl-CoA and Malate

Equilibrium favors what

Succinate dehydrogenase

This is the only TCA enzyme in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

Inner membrane of mitochondria

Succinate dehydrogenase is the only enzyme in the citric acid cycle that is where

CO2, ATP, NADH, and FADH2

The initial reaction between acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate produces what

2 of CO2, 2 of NADH, and 1 ATP

Citrate undergoes 4 more reactions to form Succinate, producing what

FADH2 and NADH

Succinate goes through 3 more reactions before finally being converted back to oxaloacetate. These reactions produce what

3 NADH and 1 FADH2

How many NADH and FADH2 is made in CAC

2.5

How many ATP is made from NADH

10

How many ATP does one cycle of CAC make

Flouroacetate

What is the anti cancer agent that eventually inhibits aconitase and citrate formation

Alpha-keto glutarate dehydrogenase

Arsenite and high ammonia inhibits what

Succinate dehydrogenase

Malonate competitively inhibits what

Vitamin B2

What is a cofactor for Succinate dehydrogenase

Succinate dehydrogenase

Vitamin B2 is a cofactor for

vitamin B3

This is required for isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-keto glutarate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase

Pantothenic acid

As a part of coenzyme A, is esterified to carboxylic acids to form acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA

Vitamin B1

Coenzyme for decarboxylation in the alpha-keto glutarate dehydrogenase reaction

Slowed down

If ATP, NAD+ or NADH production was increased, what would happen to the CAC

Speed up

If ATP, NAD+ or NADH production was low, what would happen to the CAC

Oxaloacetate

Succinate dehydrogenase is also inhibited by

Malate dehydrogenase

Oxaloacetate is also controlled by

NADH/NAD+

Malate dehydrogenase depends on

Fatty acid synthesis

Acetyl-CoA is the major substrate for fatty acid synthesis

Mitochondria

Pyruvate dehydrogenase is in the

Cytosolic pathway

Fatty acid synthesis is a

False

T/F Acetyl-CoA is permeable

Succinate dehydrogenase

Which citric acid cycle enzyme uses FAD+

Vit B1

What vitamin does pyruvate dehydrogenase need in order to make pyruvate into acetyl CoA

SuccinylCoA → Succinate

In the CAC which step involves the formation of GTP