Atomic Theory - Science

+ 1

What is the charge on a proton?

1 amu

What is the mass of a proton?

nucleus

Where are protons located?

-1

What is the charge on an electron?

1/2000 amu (same as 1/1836, rounded)

What is the mass of an electron?

orbitals

Where are electrons located?

0

What is the charge of a neutron?

1 amu

What is the mass of a neutron?

nucleus

 Where is the neutron located?

protons

Elements are defined by their number of ________.

protons

Atomic number is the number of ________ in the atom.

protons + neutrons

Atomic mass number is the number of ________ in the atom.

protons = electrons

 All elements listed in the periodic table are electrically neutral. This means...

False

True or False: All atoms of a given element are identical.

protons

All atoms of a given element have the same number of __________.

protons

Atomic number refers to  __________ and gives the atom its name (identity)

protons + neutrons

Mass number refers to  __________ and tells us the isotope number for the atom.

1, 0, 1

Hydrogen-1 has  _______ protons, ______neutrons and ______ electrons.

1, 1, 1

Hydrogen-2 has  _______ protons, ______neutrons and ______ electrons.

3, 3, 3

Lithium-6 has  _______ protons, ______neutrons and ______ electrons

3, 4, 3

Lithium-7 has  _______ protons, ______neutrons and ______ electrons.

protons, electrons, and neutrons

Which of the following are subatomic particles?

no charge; 1 amu

Neutrons have __________ and _______ mass?

positive charge; 1 amu

Protons have __________ and _______ mass?

negative charge; 1/2000 amu

Electrons have __________ and _______ mass?

Democritus

Who is credited with the idea of small indestructible particles?

Rutherford

Who is credited with the discovering the nucleus?

Thomson

Who is credited with the discovering electrons?

Bohr

Who is credited with the idea of energy levels in atoms?

Protons

What subatomic particle defines an atom's identity?

• losing electrons

• gaining electrons

What makes an ion

having more or less neutrons

What makes an isotope?

number of protons

What is the atomic number based on?

weighted average of all the naturally occurring isotopes

What is the atomic mass number in the periodic table based on?

far left

Where are the alkali metals located in the periodic table?

middle (low, towards bottom)

Where is the lanthanide series located in the periodic table?

far right

Where are the noble gases located in the periodic table?

by atomic number

How is the periodic table arranged?

metals; nonmetals

Generally, in the periodic table _____________ are on the left and ____________ are on the right.

Ancient Greeks

The _____________________________ developed the idea of small invisible particles.

Democritus

_________________________ is credited for coming up with the idea that matter was made up of small particles that were “invisible”.De,o

“uncut”

What does the origin of the word “atom” , “atomos” mean?

Plato

A Greek Philosopher, believed that there were four elements (fire, water, air, and earth) that were the building blocks of all matter.

No

Did anything happen during the dark ages?

He created the Cawof Conservation of mass (the madd of the products of a chemical reactions are the same as the mass of the reaction).

Who was Antoine Lavoisier?

Atoms are not indestructible, they can be broken apart by nuclear reactions. Atoms of the same elements don’t always have the same properties, different isotopes can have various properties.

What were some of the mistakes that Dalton made?

He did the cathode ray experiment, determined the charge to mass ratio for the electron, and did the plum pudding model.

Who was JJ Thompson?

He was able to predict characteristics or unknown elements.

How was Mendeleev’s work important?

groups

The vertical columns on the periodic table are called…..

18 Groups

How many groups are there on the periodic table?

Periods

The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called….

7 Periods

How many periods are there in the periodic table?

Metal

Are most of the elements on the periodic table classified as a metal or a non-metal?

The right side

Are the non-metal elements located on the left or right side of the periodic table?

Six Elements

How many elements are in the Alkali Metal Family?

Six Elements

How many elements are in the Halogen family?

Alkaline Earth Metals

Group Two on the periodic table corresponds to what family of elements?

No

Do the Lanthanoid and Actinoid families have specific group numbers?

Lanthanide

What is another common name for the Lanthanoid group?

Increasing atomic number.

What property is the periodic table organized by?

Main Block

Parts of the periodic table: the tall rectangles, the first two columns and the last six. Predictable elements.

• Shiny

• Malleable and Ductile

• Thermal and Electrical Conductors

What are some characteristics of metals?

Left

Where are metals located on the periodic table?

Right

Where are non-metals located at on the periodic table?

• Dull and Brittle solids and many are gases

• Thermal and electrical insulators.

What are some characteristics of non-metals?

The “staircase”

Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?

• Some properties of each; physical properties like metal/chemical properties like non-metals; conductively often depends on its temperature.

What are some properties of metalloids?

horizontal

Periods go ____________________________ from left to right.

rows

periods = ….

energy level.

Elements in the same period have the same…….

energy level one

1 period = ….

columns

groups = …..

valence electrons

Elements in the same group have the same number of …….

Electrons in their outer orbitals.

What are valence electrons?

Alkali Metals

What is the first group in the periodic table?

Alkaline Earth Metals

What is the seconds group on the periodic table?

• Ductile and malleable

• Conduct electricity and heat

What are some characteristics of transition metals?

Halogens

What is group 17 on the periodic table?

Noble Gases

What is group 18 on the periodic table?

Atoms of the same element that have different masses.

What is an isotope?

The atomic mass

What does the number next to the isotope signify?

By their number of neutrons.

How can you tell isotopes apart?

• Theorized that the atom contained a small, densely packed positively charged nucleus where almost all of the mass was located.

Who was Rutherford?

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element that have different masses.

neutrons

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons, but a different number of ……

• She worked first with uranium and radium and determined that it was radioactive.

• She discovered and isolated polonium and radium.

• She heavily worked with radioactive things

Who was Marie Curie?

Rutherford

Who did the gold foil experiment (shot alpha particles at a thin gold foil)?

number of protons + the number of neutrons

Atomic number is…..

the number of protons.

Atomic number is…..

The color that each particular element emmits.

What are spectral emissions?

Using a spectrometer.

How are spectral emissions measured?

Hydrogen

What is the simplest element?

set energy levels.

Electrons exist at…..

they “jump” to a higher energy level.

When electrons are excited by enough energy….

they release the extra energy as light orbitals.

When electrons relax,…..

(element name) - (mass number for this isotope)

How is hyphen notation set up?

protons electrically neutral

Elements are defined by their number of…..

neutral

When atoms have the same number of protons plus electrons, then they are….

nucleus

The ______________________ is where all of the positive charge and almost all of the mass are.