Neurotransmission and Nerve Impulses

These flashcards cover key concepts about neurotransmission, nerve impulses, and the physiological processes involved in neuronal communication.

What is the polarization level of a resting neuron?

The resting polarization level of a neuron is approximately -70 mV.

What is the sodium to potassium pump ratio?

3 sodium ions are pumped out for every 2 potassium ions pumped in.

What occurs during depolarization in a nerve impulse?

During depolarization, the inside of the membrane becomes less negative.

What happens during repolarization?

Repolarization is when the membrane returns to its resting membrane potential.

What is hyperpolarization?

Hyperpolarization occurs when the inside of the membrane becomes more negative than the resting potential.

What defines an action potential in terms of the all-or-none phenomenon?

An action potential either occurs fully or not at all.

What is the threshold potential for initiating a nerve impulse?

The threshold potential is between -55 mV to -50 mV.

What role does ATP play in muscle cells and neurons?

ATP is generated by muscle cells and neurons only, and is required for nerve impulse conduction.

What are the two types of neurons involved in a synapse?

Presynaptic neuron transmits impulses toward the synapse, while postsynaptic neuron transmits impulses away from the synapse.

What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump?

The sodium-potassium pump restores the electrical conditions of the membrane after an action potential.