Gender Development and Social Orientation

sex

biological characteristics, male, female, intersex

gender

attitudes, feelings, and behaviors associated with biological sex

aggression

physical/verbal behavior intended to harm a person physically or emotionally

relational aggression

intended to harm relationship/social standing

social power

leadership styles, socialization/general roles, perception of power, access to power, impact of gender stereotypes, collaboration v competition

social connectedness

men/women differ in communication styles/friendship dynamics

NATURE of gender

genetically, there are different sex chromosomes

physiologically, sex hormones lead to anatomical differences

testosterone

male sex organ/characteristic growth

estrogen

female sex characteristics, vital female reproductive

primary sex characteristics

body structures for reproduction

secondary sex characteristics

nonreproductive body structures (female: breasts and hips, male: voice and body hair)

Gender roles

societal expectations for men/women that change overtime

Gender identity

personal sense of being male, female, neither, or both, and may not match sex

social learning theory

observing and imitating others

gender typing

taking on traditional masculine/feminine roles

sexual orientation

sexual/emotional attraction to another person