Thẻ ghi nhớ: test 3 passage 1 | Quizlet

fly ash (n) /flaɪ æʃ/

muội than bay; Synonyms: coal ash, residue; Example: ___ can replace part of the cement in concrete.

slag (n) /slæɡ/

xỉ; Synonyms: residue, waste, byproduct; Example: Steel factories produce large amounts of ___.

ore (n) /ɔːr/

quặng; Synonyms: mineral, raw material; Example: Iron ___ is mined in many countries.

byproduct (n) /ˈbaɪˌprɑːdʌkt/

sản phẩm phụ; Synonyms: secondary product, derivative; Example: Molasses is a ___ of sugar production.

power plant (n) /ˈpaʊər plænt/

nhà máy điện; Synonyms: generating station, energy facility; Example: The ___ supplies electricity to the city.

incorporate (v) /ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt/

kết hợp, đưa vào; Synonyms: integrate, include, combine; Example: The company decided to ___ recycled materials into its products.

make up (v) /meɪk ʌp/

cấu thành, chiếm; Synonyms: constitute, compose, form; Example: Women ___ over half of the workforce.

durability (n) /ˌdʊrəˈbɪləti/

độ bền; Synonyms: strength, sturdiness, resilience; Example: This material is known for its ___.

resulting (adj) /rɪˈzʌltɪŋ/

kết quả, tạo ra; Synonyms: final, eventual, consequent; Example: The ___ product is much stronger.

smelt (v) /smelt/

luyện kim, nấu chảy; Synonyms: refine, extract, melt; Example: Iron ore is ___ at very high temperatures.

incorporation (n) /ɪnˌkɔːrpəˈreɪʃn/

sự kết hợp; Synonyms: integration, inclusion, combination; Example: The ___ of recycled materials reduced costs.

content (n) /ˈkɑːntent/

hàm lượng, thành phần; Synonyms: substance, composition, material; Example: The carbon ___ of cement is high.

calculation (n) /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn/

sự tính toán; Synonyms: computation, estimation, reckoning; Example: Careful ___ is required before construction.

life cycle (n) /ˈlaɪf saɪkl/

vòng đời; Synonyms: lifespan, duration, cycle of existence; Example: Scientists studied the building's ___.

fossil fuel (n) /ˈfɑːsl ˌfjuːəl/

nhiên liệu hóa thạch; Synonyms: carbon-based fuel, non-renewable fuel; Example: Burning ___ releases carbon dioxide.

make sense (phrase) /meɪk sens/

hợp lý; Synonyms: be logical, be reasonable; Example: The proposal doesn't ___ financially.

perspective (n) /pərˈspektɪv/

góc nhìn, quan điểm; Synonyms: viewpoint, outlook, standpoint; Example: We should consider the problem from a different ___.

promising (adj) /ˈprɑːmɪsɪŋ/

đầy hứa hẹn; Synonyms: hopeful, encouraging, potential; Example: Researchers found a ___ new material.

unproven (adj) /ˌʌnˈpruːvn/

chưa được chứng minh; Synonyms: untested, speculative, uncertain; Example: The method is still ___.

abundant (adj) /əˈbʌndənt/

dồi dào; Synonyms: plentiful, ample, copious; Example: Fresh water is not ___ in desert regions.

innovation (n) /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/

sự đổi mới; Synonyms: invention, advancement, breakthrough; Example: Technological ___ drives economic growth.

break through (phrasal v) /breɪk θruː/

tạo bước đột phá; Synonyms: overcome, surpass, achieve success; Example: Scientists hope to ___ in cancer research.

rarely (adv) /ˈrerli/

hiếm khi; Synonyms: seldom, infrequently, hardly ever; Example: He ___ misses a deadline.

cost-effective (adj) /ˌkɔːst ɪˈfektɪv/

tiết kiệm chi phí; Synonyms: economical, efficient, budget-friendly; Example: Solar panels are becoming more ___.

conventional (adj) /kənˈvenʃənl/

thông thường, truyền thống; Synonyms: traditional, standard, customary; Example: Farmers still use ___ methods.

shortage (n) /ˈʃɔːrtɪdʒ/

sự thiếu hụt; Synonyms: scarcity, lack, insufficiency; Example: The country faces a water ___.

resistance (n) /rɪˈzɪstəns/

sự phản đối, kháng cự; Synonyms: opposition, defiance, refusal; Example: The proposal met strong ___ from local residents.

concrete (n) /ˈkɑːnkriːt/

bê tông; Synonyms: cement mixture, building material; Example: Most modern buildings are made of ___.

alternative (n) /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/

phương án thay thế; Synonyms: substitute, option, choice; Example: Scientists are looking for an ___ to concrete.

substance (n) /ˈsʌbstəns/

chất, vật chất; Synonyms: material, matter, element; Example: Water is the most important ___ for life.

emission (n) /ɪˈmɪʃn/

sự phát thải; Synonyms: release, discharge, output; Example: Factories should reduce carbon ___.

chemical (adj./n.) /ˈkemɪkl/

thuộc hóa học; chất hóa học; Synonyms: compound, substance; Example: The reaction produced a harmful ___.

ingredient (n) /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/

thành phần; Synonyms: component, constituent, element; Example: Cement is the key ___ of concrete.

estimate (v) /ˈestɪmeɪt/

ước tính; Synonyms: predict, calculate, assess; Example: Experts ___ the project will take two years.

soar (v) /sɔːr/

tăng vọt; Synonyms: surge, skyrocket, climb; Example: House prices ___ last year.

aggravate (v) /ˈæɡrəveɪt/

làm trầm trọng thêm; Synonyms: worsen, intensify, exacerbate; Example: Pollution can ___ climate change.

innovate (v) /ˈɪnəveɪt/

đổi mới, sáng tạo; Synonyms: invent, pioneer, create; Example: Companies must ___ to stay competitive.

scramble (n) /ˈskræmbl/

cuộc chạy đua, tranh giành; Synonyms: rush, hustle, race; Example: There is a ___ to find cleaner materials.

universal (adj) /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsl/

phổ biến; Synonyms: widespread, global, common; Example: Clean water is a ___ need.

commodity (n) /kəˈmɑːdəti/

hàng hóa; Synonyms: product, goods, merchandise; Example: Oil is an important ___.

underpin (v) /ˌʌndərˈpɪn/

làm nền tảng, củng cố; Synonyms: support, reinforce, uphold; Example: Technology ___ modern society.

extent (n) /ɪkˈstent/

mức độ; Synonyms: scope, degree, magnitude; Example: We don't know the full ___ of the damage.

scale (n) /skeɪl/

quy mô; Synonyms: size, magnitude, proportion; Example: The project is on a large ___.

sheer (adj) /ʃɪr/

hoàn toàn, tuyệt đối; Synonyms: absolute, complete, total; Example: The success was due to ___ determination.

manufacture (n./v.) /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃər/

sự sản xuất; sản xuất; Synonyms: production, make, produce; Example: The company will ___ electric vehicles.

relatively (adv) /ˈrelətɪvli/

tương đối; Synonyms: comparatively, fairly; Example: The process is ___ simple.

in abundance (phrase) /ɪn əˈbʌndəns/

dồi dào; Synonyms: plentifully, in plenty; Example: Fresh water is not available ___ everywhere.

marvellous (adj) /ˈmɑːrvələs/

tuyệt vời; Synonyms: wonderful, amazing, fantastic; Example: The view was ___.

property (n) /ˈprɑːpərti/

đặc tính; Synonyms: characteristic, quality, attribute; Example: Strength is an important ___ of steel.

Portland cement (n) /ˈpɔːrtlənd sɪˈment/

xi măng Portland; Synonyms: standard cement; Example: ___ is widely used in construction.

vital (adj) /ˈvaɪtl/

thiết yếu; Synonyms: essential, crucial, important; Example: Clean air is ___ for health.

component (n) /kəmˈpoʊnənt/

thành phần; Synonyms: part, element, ingredient; Example: Each ___ has a specific role.

mouldable (adj) /ˈmoʊldəbl/

dễ tạo hình; Synonyms: flexible, shapeable, pliable; Example: Clay is highly ___.

pourable (adj) /ˈpɔːrəbl/

có thể rót được; Synonyms: fluid, liquid; Example: The mixture is still ___.

set (v) /set/

đông cứng; Synonyms: harden, solidify; Example: The concrete will ___ overnight.

steel (n) /stiːl/

thép; Synonyms: metal alloy; Example: Bridges are often built with ___.

thermal (adj) /ˈθɜːrml/

thuộc nhiệt; Synonyms: heat-related; Example: The material has good ___ insulation.

expansion (n) /ɪkˈspænʃn/

sự giãn nở; Synonyms: enlargement, growth; Example: Heat causes ___.

reinforce (v) /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrs/

gia cố; Synonyms: strengthen, fortify; Example: Steel bars ___ concrete.

flexible (adj) /ˈfleksəbl/

linh hoạt; Synonyms: adaptable, pliable, versatile; Example: Rubber is more ___ than glass.

beat (v) /biːt/

đánh bại, vượt qua; Synonyms: defeat, overcome, conquer; Example: It is difficult to ___ this record.

rather (adv) /ˈræðər/

khá, hơi; Synonyms: somewhat, fairly; Example: The exam was ___ difficult.

medieval (adj) /ˌmediˈiːvl/

thuộc thời Trung Cổ; Synonyms: ancient, historic; Example: They visited a ___ castle.

turn to (phrasal v) /tɜːrn tuː/

chuyển sang; Synonyms: resort to, use; Example: Many countries ___ renewable energy.

treated (adj) /ˈtriːtɪd/

đã qua xử lý; Synonyms: processed, conditioned; Example: ___ wood lasts longer.

emergence (n) /ɪˈmɜːrdʒəns/

sự xuất hiện; Synonyms: appearance, rise, advent; Example: The ___ of AI has changed many industries.

entirely (adv) /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

hoàn toàn; Synonyms: completely, totally; Example: The building is ___ made of wood.

straightforward (adj) /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːrwərd/

đơn giản; Synonyms: easy, uncomplicated; Example: The solution is not ___.

expand (v) /ɪkˈspænd/

mở rộng; Synonyms: grow, enlarge; Example: The company plans to ___ overseas.

absorb (v) /əbˈzɔːrb/

hấp thụ; Synonyms: soak up, take in; Example: Plants ___ sunlight.

moisture (n) /ˈmɔɪstʃər/

độ ẩm; Synonyms: dampness, humidity; Example: Too much ___ damages wood.

susceptible to (adj) /səˈseptəbl tuː/

dễ bị; Synonyms: vulnerable to, prone to; Example: Young plants are ___ disease.

pest (n) /pest/

sâu hại; Synonyms: insect, vermin; Example: Farmers sprayed crops against ___.

not to mention (phrase) /nɑːt tə ˈmenʃn/

chưa kể đến; Synonyms: besides, let alone; Example: The house is spacious, ___ affordable.

laminated (adj) /ˈlæmɪneɪtɪd/

ép nhiều lớp; Synonyms: layered; Example: The table is made of ___ wood.

adhesive (n) /ədˈhiːsɪv/

chất kết dính; Synonyms: glue, bonding agent; Example: A strong ___ holds the panels together.

sawn (adj) /sɔːn/

đã cưa; Synonyms: cut; Example: The house was built from ___ timber.

crosswise (adv) /ˈkrɔːswaɪz/

theo chiều ngang, vuông góc; Synonyms: across, transversely; Example: The boards were placed ___.

vice-president (n) /ˌvaɪs ˈprezɪdənt/

phó chủ tịch; Synonyms: deputy, assistant president; Example: The ___ announced the new policy.

concern (n) /kənˈsɜːrn/

mối quan ngại; Synonyms: worry, issue, anxiety; Example: Air pollution is a major ___.

driver (n) /ˈdraɪvər/

động lực, yếu tố thúc đẩy; Synonyms: factor, catalyst, motive; Example: Innovation is the main ___ of growth.

based (adj) /beɪst/

có trụ sở tại; Synonyms: located, situated; Example: The company is ___ in Finland.

lead the way (phrase) /liːd ðə weɪ/

đi đầu; Synonyms: pioneer, set an example; Example: This country continues to ___ in clean energy.

lock away (phrasal v) /lɑːk əˈweɪ/

giữ lại, cô lập; Synonyms: trap, store; Example: Forests ___ large amounts of carbon.

limitation (n) /ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn/

hạn chế; Synonyms: drawback, restriction, weakness; Example: Every material has its ___.