6.7 Achievement motivation theory

AQA A-Level PE

Atkinson’s model

in demanding situations performers will exhibit NACH or NAF characteristics which is based on personality and situational factors

Drive to succeed minus fear of failure

NACH

need to achieve

Atkinson’s model

in demanding situations performers will exhibit NACH or NAF characteristics which is based on personality and situational factors

Drive to succeed minus fear of failure

NACH

need to achieve

NAF

need to avoid failure

Personality characteristics of NACH

• approach behaviour

• High self-efficacy / Confidence

• Enjoys competition and challenges

• Take risks

• Sticks will tasks until complete

• Welcome feedback

• Attribute success internally

Personality characteristics of NAF

• avoidance behaviour

• Low self-efficacy/ confidence

• Dislikes challenge

• Give in easily

• Attributes failure internally

Situational characteristics impact on NACH

very competitive - like task with

Low probability of success

High incentive

situational characteristics of NAF

not competitive like tasks that

Have high probability of success

Low incentive

achievement goal theory

every performer will have own perception of what achievement means to them and what being successful looks like

outcome-orientated goals

set with specific aim to beat or show superiority over others

If performer continues to achieve goal, motivation and confidence will be high

Defeat may reduce confidence

task-orientated goals

aim to master a skill or improve own performance

Process more important than outcome

Regardless of result, goal can be achieved

how to generate approach behaviour

• ensure success by setting achievable goals

• Raise confidence by giving positive reinforcement, praise and rewards

• Highlight successful role models that have comparable characteristics

• Credit internal reasons