4Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art & Science of Person Centered Care, 10th Edition; Taylor, Lynn, Bartlett. Chapter 4; Health of the Individual, Family, Community, and Environment

Nurses in a long-term care facility use Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs to plan care for their patients. What is the expected outcome when using this hierarchy?

a. Accurate nursing diagnoses

b. Clear priorities of care

c. Concerns communicated concisely

d. Integration of science into nursing care

b. Clear priorities of care

Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs is useful for establishing priorities of care.

A nurse is prioritizing nursing care for patients on a medical surgical unit. Which nursing interventions address patients physiological needs? Select all that apply.

a. prevent falls during admission

b. administering O2 to a pt with SOB

c. Providing a magazine for a pt without visitors

d. Assisting apt who had a stroke eat their dinner

e. Facilitating a visit from the pt significant other

f. referring a pt to a cancer support group

b. administering O2 to a pt with SOB

d. Assisting apt who had a stroke eat their dinner

Physiological needs - oxygen, wter, food, elimination, temperature, sexuality, physical activity, and rest - must be met at least minimally to maintain life. Providing food and O2 are examples of interventions that meet these needs. Preventing falls helps meet safety and security needs; providing art supplies may help meet self actualization needs; facilitating visits from loved ones helps meets self-esteem needs; and referring a pt to a support group helps meet love and belonging needs.

A nurse provides care for postoperative pts using meticulous hand hygiene and aseptic technique. Which of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is the nursing addressing?

a. Physiologic

b. Safety and security

c. Self-esteem

d. Love and belonging

b. Safety and security

By using meticulous hand hygiene and aseptic technique, nurses prevent infection, which falls under safety.

An example of a physiologic need is clearing a patients airway.

Self-esteem needs may be met by allowing an older adults to talk about a past career

An example of helping meet a love and belonging need is contacting a hospitalized pt's family to arrange a visit,

A nurse caring for patients in a long-term facility develops strategies to help pt's achieve Maslow's HIGHEST level of needs: SELF-ACTUALIZATION. Which concepts will the nurses incorporate when planning care? Select all that apply.

a. Human's are born with a fully developed sense of self-actualization

b. Self-actualization needs are met by depending on family, friends, and others for help

c. No matter the pt's age, the self actualization process continues throughout life.

d. Loneliness and isolation occur when self-actualization need are unmet

e. a person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside self

f. Self actualization needs may be met by creatively solving problems.

c. No matter the pt's age, the self actualization process continues throughout life.

e. a person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside self

f. Self actualization needs may be met by creatively solving problems.

Self actualization, or reaching your full potential, is a process, that continues through life. A person achieves self-actualization by focusing on their unique capabilities, being creative, and demonstrating the capacity for happiness, and affect to others. Humans are not born with a fully developed sense of self actualization, and self actualization needs are not met specifically by depending on others for help. Loneliness and isolation are not always the results of unmet self actualization needs.

A nurse in a family-centered health clinic is assessing a new family composed of two parents and three preschool children. Which value does the nurse include in a family-centered approach to health care?

A. Each person in the family will be evaluated and treated independently of the others.

B. Time will be saved as there is only one clinic to contact for health problems.

C. All members of the family can be part of health-related decisions.

D. Interdependence of family members affects them in illness and health.

D. Interdependence of family members affects them in illness and health.

Families likely share beliefs and values about health and illness/ The nurse can help reduce risk for all family members at any level of development and recognizes interdependence of families affect one another in illness and health promotion.

A nurse performs an assessment of a family consisting of a single parents, a grandparent, and two children. What interview questions will the nurse direct toward the mother to best determine the family's affective and coping functions. Select all that apply.

a. Who is the person you depend on for emotional support?

b. who is the person you depend on for financial support in your family?

c. Do you plan on having any more children?

d. Who keeps your family together in times of stress?

e. What family traditions do you pass on to your children?

a. Who is the person you depend on for emotional support?

d. Who keeps your family together in times of stress?

The 5 major areas of family function are: physical, economic, reproductive, affective and coping, and socialization. Affective areas of function include feelings and coping in times of stress. Assessing the financially responsible individual focuses on the economic function. Inquiring about having more children assesses the reproductive function, asking about family traditions assesses the socialization function and checking the environment assess the physical function.

A nurse caring for families in a free health care clinic assess for psychosocial risk factors for alerted family health. Which example best describes one of these risk factors.

a. The family does not have dental care insurance or resources to pay for it

b. Both parents work and leave a 12 year old child to care for his younger brother

c. Both parents and their children are considerably overweight

d. The youngest member of the family has cerebral palsy and needs assistance from community services.

b. Both parents work and leave a 12 year old child to care for his younger brother

Inadequate childcare resources are a psychological risk factor. Not having assess to dental care and obese family members are lifestyle risk factors. Having a family member with birth defects is a biological factor.

A nurse working in an "aging in place" facility interviews a married couple in their late 70's. Based on Duvall's Developmental Task of Families, what developmental task is most appropriate for the nurse to assess.

a. maintenance of a supportive home base

b. strength of the marital relationship

c. Ability to cope with loss of energy and privacy

d. adjustment to retirement

d. adjustment to retirement

The developmental tasks of family with older adults are to adjust to retirement and possibly adjust to the loss of a spouse and loss of independent living. Maintaining a supportive home base and strengthening martial relationships are tasks of the family with adolescents and young adults. Coping with loss of energy and privacy is a task of the family with children.

A nurse working in a new community performs an assessment to determine the health of the community. What findings indicates a healthy relationship?

a. Meets all the needs of its inhabitants

b. Mixes residential and industrial areas

c. Offers access to health care services

d. Consists of modern housing and condominiums

c. Offers access to health care services

A healthy community offers access to health care services to treat illness and to promote health. A healthy community cannot usually meet all the needs of its residents, but should be able to help with health issues such as nutrition, education, recreation, safety, and zoning regulations to separate residential sections from industrial areas. The age of housing is irrelevant as long as residences are maintained according to code.

A nurse is practicing community-based nursing in a mobile health clinic. Which example best demonstrates community-based nursing?

a. Caring for a mother and her child who have diabetes

b. Providing shelter for vulnerable population within the community

c. providing local same-day surgery facilities

d. Assisting families in crisis and overseeing the crisis.

a. Caring for a mother and her child who have diabetes

Community health nursing focuses on while population within a community and community-based nursing centered on the health care needs of individuals and families. Nurses practicing community based nursing provide interventions to manage acute or chronic health problems, promote health and facilitate self-care.

After receiving a change of shift report, the nurse on a medical surgical unit sets initial priorities for care. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which patient requires immediate assessment?

a. patient requesting help to phone family to ask them to visit

b. patient who needs education on changing their wound dressing prior to discharge

c. patient who calls for assistance because they are breathing fast and feel faint

d. Patient who needs assistance to walk to the bathroom to void.

c. c. patient who calls for assistance because they are breathing fast and feel faint

the nurse prioritizing the patient with rapid breathing who feels faint, who may need O2 or additional assistance with physiologic needs. Family visits help meet love and belonging needs, while assisting the pt to prevent falls and proper dressing change techniques meets safety and security needs.