Chem 212 chapter 16 quiz

Chemical kinetics → The study of reaction rates and the factors that affect them.

Reaction rate → The change in concentration of reactants or products over time.

Particles must → Collide in order for a reaction to occur.

Increasing the concentration of reactants → Increases the number of collisions between particles.

Increasing temperature → Increases reaction rate because particles have more kinetic energy.

The rate of disappearance of a reactant is written with a → Negative (-) sign.

In a rate law, the constant k is called the rate → Constant.

The exponents in a rate law are called reaction → Orders.

Reaction orders must be determined → Experimentally.

If doubling [A] causes the rate to quadruple → The reaction is second order in A.

The sum of all individual reaction orders gives the → Overall reaction order.

An integrated rate law includes → Time as a variable.

For a first-order reaction, a plot of ln[A] versus time gives a straight → Line.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is → Independent of the initial concentration.

For a second-order reaction, the half-life is inversely proportional to the initial reactant → Concentration.

Collision theory states that particles must → Collide in order to react.

The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur is called the activation → Energy.

The unstable arrangement of atoms formed during a reaction is called the → Transition state.

The Arrhenius equation relates the rate constant to temperature and activation → Energy.

A reaction mechanism is the sequence of → Elementary steps that make up the overall reaction.

A substance formed in one step and consumed in another step of a mechanism is called a reaction → Intermediate.

The slowest step in a mechanism is called the rate- → Determining step.

A catalyst speeds up a reaction by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation → Energy.

A catalyst is not permanently → Consumed during the reaction.

A homogeneous catalyst exists in the same → Phase as the reactants.

An enzyme is a biological → Catalyst that speeds up reactions in living organisms.

The region on an enzyme where the substrate binds is called the → Active site.

In the lock-and-key model, the enzyme active site has a fixed → Shape that matches the substrate.

In the induced-fit model, the enzyme changes → Shape slightly to better bind the substrate.

The substrate is the → Reactant that binds to an enzyme's active site.