Biology GCSE - Respiration, Breathing investigation and gas exchange in humans

carbon monoxide

The ________ in cigarette smoke reduces the amount of oxygen the blood can carry.

ribcage

The lungs are protected by the ________, and the intercostal muscles run between the ribs.

Surface Area

Smoking damages the walls inside the alveoli, reducing the ________ for gas exchange and leading to diseases like emphysema.

Tobacco

________ smoke includes carcinogens- these can lead to cancer.

Bronchi

________- split into even smaller tubes called bronchioles.

Tar

________ also irritates the bronchi and bronchioles, encouraging mucus to be produced which cant be cleared by the damaged cilia- this causes smokers cough and chronic bronchitis.

Alveoli

________ carry out gas exchange in the body.

gas exchange

The lungs contain millions and millions of little air sacs called alveoli, where ________ happens.

plural membranes

The lungs are surrounded by ________.

Oxygen

________ diffuses out of the alveolus and into the blood, but carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood and into the alveolus to be breathed out.

thorax

The ________ is the top of your body.