Sterlization Procedures/OSHA

a traditional film-based radiography

"Green" infection control protocols can be implemented in all of the following except:

a. traditional film-based radiography

b. digital radiology

c. using only EPA-registered disinfectants

d. using recyclable product packaging

virucidal

A product capable of killing a virus should be labeled:

sporicidal

A product capable of killing spores is:

all of the above

Acceptable barriers include:

a. clear plastic wrap

b. plastic bags

c. tubing and plastic-backed paper

d. all of the above

all of the above

According to the EPA, synthetic phenol compounds are categorized as intermediate-level hospital disinfectants. Phenols can be used on:

a. metal

b. glass

c. rubber or plastic

d. all of the above

counter tops in the reception area

All of the following surfaces should be protected from contamination with barriers except:

transfer

By current infection control guidelines of the Organization for Safety and Asepsis Procedures (OSAP), instrument trays are considered to be_________surfaces.

harbors both bacteria and fungi

Carpet in dental treatment areas:

disinfectants

Chemicals that destroy or inactivate most species of pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate surfaces are called:

both a and b

Disinfectants used in dentistry must be:

a. registered with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

b. registered as hospital disinfectants with tuberculocidal claims.

c. able to kill all spores.

d. both a and b

should be removed and discarded between patients while hands are still gloved

Following OSAP protocol, surface barriers:

6

For sterilization to occur using an immersion disinfectant, items must be immersed for a minimum of _______ hours.

need to be cleaned with only a detergent or low-level disinfectant.

Housekeeping surfaces:

the surface needs to be cleaned and disinfected

If the surface below the barrier is inadvertently touched when removing a contaminated barrier, the protocol to follow indicates:

sodium hypochlorite

Instability, daily preparation, strong odor, and corrosion are some of the disadvantages of:

a disinfectant kills disease-causing microorganisms remaining on surfaces after precleaning

One difference between a disinfectant and sterilant is:

are compatible with metal, glass, rubber, and plastic.

One of the benefits of using a complex phenol solution for disinfection is that they:

can degrade some plastics or etch the surface of glass.

One reason for taking precautions when using complex phenols for disinfection is that they:

all of the above

Precautions when using glutaraldehyde include:

a. avoid inhaling the fumes

b. always rinse instruments thoroughly prior to any intraoral use.

c. wear PPE to protect the eyes, skin, and lungs.

d. all of the above.

both a and b

Precleaning can be accomplished using:

a. a disinfectant that cleans and disinfects.

b. regular soap and water.

c. alcohol and guaze.

d. both a and b.

making fresh cleaning solution each day and discarding any unused solution at the end of the treatment day.

Recommendations for mixing solutions of detergents or disinfectants include:

tuberculosis

Some microorganisms may survive on outside the host on environmental surface. The organism of concern to dentistry that can survive five weeks outside the host is:

OSHA

The agency responsible for the Bloodborne Pathogens Standards that requires contaminated surfaces to be disinfected between patients, even if no evidence of contamination is visible is:

EPA

The agency that regulates and registers disinfectants and chemical sterilants according to chemical classification is:

clean and disinfect the surface at the beginning and end of each workday.

The appropriate disinfection protocol to follow when a surface has been covered with a barrier is:

sodium hypochlorite

The chemical disinfectant classified as an intermediate-level agent that is no longer recommended for use in dentistry is:

clinical contact surfaces

The environmental surfaces that must be cleaned and decontaminated more rigorously than the others are:

metal impression trays

The following are considered single-use items except:

ortho-phthaladehyde (OPA)

The high-level disinfectant that does not require activation or mixing and has little odor is:

both a and b

The method used to decontaminate a surface in a dental treatment area is:

a. use of a surface barrier to prevent the surface from becoming contaminated

b. precleaning and disinfecting the surface between patients

c. wiping the surface with alcohol

d. both a and b

apply an acceptable barrier following precleaning and disinfection

The protocol to follow to minimize contamination of touch and transfer surfaces from splash, spatter, and surface droplets is to:

do both a and b.

The purpose of precleaning a surface is:

a. to reduce the number of microbes

b. to remove accumulated blood, saliva, and other body fluids.

c. do both a and b.

d. none of the above; precleaning is not necessary when a surface is to be disinfected.

both a and b

The use of barriers on surfaces and equipment can prevent contamination of contact areas. The correct protocol for their use would include:

a. removing and discarding with gloved hands, and replacing using clean gloves between patients.

b. using a barrier resistant to fluids

c. disinfecting each barrier using the spray-wipe-spray technique

d. both a and b

assume all surfaces have been contaminated

To avoid contamination in a dental treatment area, the best approach is to:

the surface should remain moist for the manufacturer's recommended time for tuberculocidal action, usually 10 minutes.

To effectively clean and disinfect dental treatment rooms:

all of the above.

Under the CDC Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Healthcare Settings-2003, housekeeping surfaces include:

a. floors

b. walls

c. sinks

d. all of the above

Iodophors

Which of the following can be used as a surface disinfectant in the dentistry?

Which of the following is found on the label of a chemical agent?

a. Directions for use

b. precautionary statements for handling the product

c. storage, disposal, and manufacturer's recommendations for use.

d. all of the above

all of the above

flash sterilization

A method for sterilizing unwrapped patient care items for immediate use is:

a telephone call to the dental office, reporting a positive result

A monitoring service will immediately communicate a failure of sterilization through:

outside of the instrument package

A process indicator is placed:

use a new instrument package

A tear in an instrument package requires the dental assistant to:

sodium hypochlorite

All of the following are chemicals used to create vapor for sterilizing with chemical vapor sterilization except:

structural

All of the following are forms of sterilization monitoring except ___________ monitoring.

can be disposed of by pouring them down the sink.

All of the following statement concerning liquid chemical sterilants are true except they:

using correct packaging material

All of the following will cause a sterilization failure except:

heat sterilized

All reusable instruments (critical and semicritical) that contact the patient's blood, saliva, or mucous membranes must be:

noncritical

An Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered intermediate-level or low-level disinfectant is suitable for cleaning _________ instruments.

both a and b.

An ultrasonic cleaner cleans dirty instruments using sound waves, which cause:

a. cavitation

b. implosion

c. vibrations

d. both a and b

should be specially formulated for use in only the ultrasonic cleaner

An ultrasonic cleaning solution:

rinsed with clear water

At the completion of the cleaning cycle of an ultrasonic cleaning unit, instruments should be:

spore

Biologic monitoring is also known as ________ testing

chemical vapor

Drying instruments to prevent rusting is essential when processing in:

10

For sterilization to occur, the minimal contact time for instruments in a chemical liquid sterilizer is _______ hour(s)

external chemical

In the sterilization process, a process indicator is an example of ___________ monitoring

clean, to sterile

Instrument processing should flow in a single loop from dirty, to __________, to storage.

do both a and b

Instruments need to be bagged before steam sterilization to:

a. protect them from becoming contaminated after sterilization

b. allow them to be grouped into special setups by procedure

c. keep them from rusting.

d. do both a and b

critical

Instruments used to penetrate soft tissue or bone are termed __________ instruments.

both a and b

Methods of preventing rust from forming on an instrument during the sterilization process include:

a. completely drying the instrument

b. lubricating hinged the hinge

c. allowing the instrument to air dry in the packaging

d. both a and b

heat

Microorganisms in a steam sterilizer are killed by:

an inability to wrap items

One of the disadvantages of flash sterilization is:

utility gloves, a mask, eyewear, and protective clothing

Personal protective equipment (PPE) that must always be used when processing instruments include:

both b and c

Process indicators that change color are useful for:

a. monitoring sterilization

b. identifying instrument packs that have been exposed to a certain temperature

c. determining whether and instrument package has been processed

d. both b and c

both b and c

Some ultrasonic cleaning solutions have:

a. disinfectant properties

b. enzymatic activity

c. antimicrobial activity

d. both b and c

both b and c

Recommended methods for sterilizing dental handpieces include:

a. chemical liquid sterilization

b. steam sterilization

c. chemical vapor sterilization

d. both b and c

all microbial forms, including bacterial spores

Sterilization destroys:

all of the above

Sterilization errors include:

a. improper packaging

b. improper timing

c. improper loading

d. all of the above

depressurizing

The autoclave cycle that allows the steam under pressure to be released from within the chamber is the ________ cycle.

biologic monitoring

The best method for determining whether sterilization has occurred is:

flush the handpiece for 10 to 20 seconds

The best method to remove debris from the head of the handpiece is to:

biologic monitors

The best way to determine whether sterilization has occurred is to use:

dedicated only to instrument processing

The ideal instrument-processing area should be:

hand scrubbing

The least desirable method of precleaning dental instruments is:

it does not rust, dull, or corrode dry metal instruments

The major advantage of the chemical vapor sterilizer is that:

weekly

The minimum frequency recommended by the CDC, ADA, and OSAP for biologic monitoring of all sterilizing equipment is:

heat-up; sterilizing, depressurization, drying

The order of the cycles of a steam sterilizer is:

sterilization

The process of killing all microorganisms, including bacterial endospores, is:

prevent the drying of blood and debris on instruments

The purpose of an instrument holding solution is to:

chemical vapor sterilization

The sterilization method that will not rust,dull, or corrode dry metal instruments is:

275

The temperature during handpiece sterilization should never exceed ________ F

dry heat sterilization

The type of sterilization used in the dental office that requires the highest temperature is:

at least once a day

The ultrasonic cleaner should be cleaned and disinfected:

all of the above

Ultrasonic cleaner solution:

a. becomes highly contaminated with use

b. should be discarded at least once a day

c. becomes visibly cloudy when needing to be changed

d. all of the above

do both a and c

Ultrasonic cleaners are used to:

a. loosen and remove debris from instruments

b. disinfect instruments

c. reduce risk of hand injury from cuts and punctures that can occur with hand scrubbing

d. do both a and c

a and b

When transporting and processing contaminated patient care items, precautions need to be taken to avoid personal exposure to microorganisms through:

a. percurtaneous injury

b. contact with mucous membranes of the eye, nose, or mouth

c. breathing aerosol from disinfectant and other chemicals

d. a and b

Rubber dam forceps

Which of the following patient care items is classified as a semicritical instrument?

both a and b

A dental assistant must be able to understand the roles of:

a. government agencies

b. professional organizations

c. both a and b

d. none of the above

development of biologic and chemical indicators

All of the following are functions of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) except:

False

Annual OSHA inspections are mandatory for every dental practice

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Infection-control procedures practiced in dentistry today are based on the Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Healthcare Settings-2003 issued by the:

regulatory

Issuing and enforcing rules and regulations with which dental practitioners must comply is the role of a(n) _______ agency.

employees

OSHA is responsible for ensuring the safety of:

False

States that administer their own state-operated OSHA programs do not have to meet or exceed federal OSHA standards.

FDA

The agency that approves medical and dental devices for marketing in the United States is the:

reviewing the manufacturer' antimicrobial claims to ensure that they are supported by scientific evidence

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

The federal agency that protects the public's health and safety, at home and abroad, is the:

OSHA

The federal regulatory agency responsible for ensuring the safety and health of America's workers and for setting and enforcing protective standards is the:

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

The governmental regulatory agency that ensures the safety and effectiveneness of disinfectants associated with dentistry

CDC

The nonregulatory agency that issues recommendations based on strong scientific evidence that form the standard of care for dentistry is the:

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

The only federal institute responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related disease and injury is the: