Chapter 05: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder)

Characterized by intellectual and adaptive deficits that first become evident in childhood.

Down syndrome

A form of intellectual disability caused most commonly by inheriting an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A set of abnormalities in facial appearance and nervous system delays due to alcohol exposure during pregnancy.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

A neurodevelopmental disorder involving impairments in social communication and performance of restricted, repetitive behaviors.

Dyscalculia

Specific learning disorder with impairment in mathematics, involving difficulties in number sense and arithmetic.

Echolalia

Repetition of the same sounds or phrases over and over, often seen in autism spectrum disorder.

Tourette’s Disorder

A tic disorder characterized by a combination of chronic motor and vocal tics.

Developmental Coordination Disorder

Marked impairment in the abilities to coordinate movements, affecting motor skills.

Autistic Savant Syndrome

A condition where individuals with autism spectrum disorder develop extremely narrow and focused interests.

Communication Disorders

Conditions involving impairment in language, speech, and communication such as stuttering and speech sound disorder.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity.