Order Ixodoidea, Suborder Metastigmata (Part 2)

Genus: Boophilus

Anal groove absent in female

Anal groove in male is faint and surrounding anus posteriorly

Inornate

Eyes present

Festoons absent

palps and hypostome short

Palps w/ prominent transverse ridges

Coxa I bifid

Spiracles circular or oval

Males small w/ adanal/accessory shield and caudal proces

Anal groove

In Genus Boophilus this structure is absent in FEMALES

faint, surrounding anus posteriorly

Genus Boophilus Anal Groove in MALES (desc.)

Inornate

Genus Boophilus is (Ornate, Inornate)

Present

Genus Boophilus Eyes are (Present, Absent)

Festoons

Structure ABSENT in Genus Boophilus

Short

PALPS & HYPOSTOME of Genus Boophilus is (Short, Long)

Prominent transverse ridge

Palps of Genus Boophilus are with

bifid

Coxa I of Genus Boophilus is

circular or oval

Genus Boophilus SPIRACLES shape

Adanal/Accessory Shield & Caudal Process

MALES of Genus Boophilus contains these structures

North American Tick

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus other name

Southern USA

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus is widely distributed in

Sudan West & Central Africa

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus is Common in these places

One-Host- Tick

Tick Class. accdg to # of Host of Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus

4500 eggs

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus FEMALE lays # eggs

3-25 days

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus Pre-oviposition period

14-59 days

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus Oviposition lasts

23-159 days

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus Larvae Hatch

15-55 days

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus Parasitic period on host

8 mos.

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus Unfed larvae survive

Babesia bigemina (Bovine piroplasmosis/Texas fever), Borrelia theileri, anaplasmosis

Boophilus (Rhipicephalus) annulatus transmits

Blue Tick

Boophilus decoloratus

Ethiopian region esp Humid areas

Boophilus decoloratus occurs in

Slaty-blue, pale Yellow legs

Boophilus decoloratus FEMALE ENGORGED color

2500 eggs

Boophilus decoloratus lays # of Eggs

6-9 days

Boophilus decoloratus Pre-oviposition period

3-6 wks

Boophilus decoloratus Oviposition & Incubation

21-25 days

Boophilus decoloratus Parasitic Period on host

up to 7 mos.

Boophilus decoloratus unfed Larvae survive

Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis, Anaplasma marginale (cattle), Borrelia theileri, Babesia trautmanni (Pig)

Boophilus decoloratus transmits

Tropical cattle tick, Asian blue tick

Boophilus microplus/ Boophilus australis other names

Cattle, Horses, Goats, Sheep, Deer

Boophilus microplus/ Boophilus australis Primary Hosts

One host tick

Boophilus microplus Tick class. accdg. to host #

4400 eggs

Boophilus microplus Female Egg Lays #

2-39 days

Boophilus microplus Pre-oviposition period

4-44 days

Boophilus microplus OVIPOSITION period

14-146 days

Boophilus microplus Larvae Hatch

17-52 days

Boophilus microplus Parasitic Period

up to 20 wks

Boophilus microplus Unfed larvae survive

Babesia bigemina, Babesia argentina, Anasplasma marginale, Coxiella burnetti, Borrelia theileri

Boophilus microplus transmits

Boophilus calcaratus

transmits Babesia bigemina, B. berbera and Anasplasma.marginale

Genus: Margaropus

Males are large

The 4th pair of legs is markedly thickened

The median ventral plate is prolonged into 2 spines projecting on either side of anus

Coxa 1 has a posterior spine

Large

Genus Margaropis MALES are (Small, Large)

4th pair

Genus Margaropus # Pair of Legs that are markedly thick

Coxa 1

Genus Margaropus Coxa # that has a posterior spine

Argentine tick

Margaropus winthemi other name

Margaropus winthemi (Argentine tick)

native of South America w/c has been introduced in Republic of South Africa

Horse, also cattle

Margaropus winthemi (Argentine tick) Hosts

Boophilus decoloratus

Margaropus winthemi (Argentine tick) Engorged female resembles ______ but has dark bands at joints of legs

dark bands at joints of legs

Margaropus winthemi (Argentine tick) Engorged female resembles B. decoloratus but has ____ ____ __ ____ __ ___

Winter

Margaropus winthemi (Argentine tick) is prevalent in what SEASON

One host tick

Margaropus winthemi (Argentine tick) Tick classification accdg to Host #

Sudanese beady-legged tick

Margaropus reidi other name

Giraffe

Margaropus reidi occurs in (animal)

Western Sudan

Margaropus reidi occurs in (place)

Genus Hyalomma

Inornate but sometimes ornate

Eyes present

Festoons present or absent

Hypostome and palps long

Male has a pair of adanal shields and sometimes accessory adanal shields

A pair of chitinous protrusions is present frequently behind the adanal shields

Spiracles is comma-shaped in male and triangular in female

Transmits the ffg: Babesia caballi, B. equi, theileria parva, T. annulata, T. dispar, C. burnetti, Rickettsia bovis, R. conori and cause of hemorrhagic fever in Russia

Usually 2-host-ticks and other species are 3-host-tick

Larvae and nymphs feed on small wild mammals and birds

Adults feed on domestic ruminants, horses and camels in certain area

Inornate, but sometimes ornate

Is Genus Hyalomma Ornate or Inornate?

PRESENT

Genus Hyalomma EYES (present, absent)

Long

Genus Hyalomma Hypostome & Palps (Short, Long)

Adanal shields, sometimes Accessory Adanal shields

Genus Hyalomma MALES have these Structures

Pair of Chitinous structures

This structure is present frequently behind Adanal shields in Genus Hyalomma

Comma-shaped

Genus Hyalomma SPIRACLES shape in MALES

Triangular

Genus Hyalomma SPIRACLES shape in FEMALE

Babesia caballi, Babesia equi,Theileria parva, Theileria annulata, T. dispar, Coxiella burnetti, Rickettsia bovis, R. conori, Hemorrhagic fever in Russia

Genus Hyalomma transmits the ffg

2-host-ticks and other species are 3-host-tick

Genus Hyalomma Tick classification accdg to Host #

small wild mammals and birds

*Larvae & Nymphs

Genus Hyalomma feeds on (animals)

domestic ruminants, horses and camels in certain ares

Adults of Genus Hyalomma feeds on (animlas0

Genus Hyalomma

Pre-oviposition- 4-12 days

Oviposition lasts- 37-59 days

Larvae hatch- 34- 66 days

Larvae engorge- 5-7 days

Larvae moult- 2-15 days

Nymphs engorge- 7-10 days

Nymphs moult- 14-95 days

Larvae and nymphs on host- 13-45 days

Female engorge- 5-6 days

Unfed larvae survive- 12 mos.

Unfed nymphs survive- 3 mos.

Unfed adult survives- 14 mos. Or longer

Hyalomma plumbeum plumbeum (H. marginatum)

occurs in Southern Europe, southern USSR and in Nile in delta

Hyalomma excavatum (H. anatolicum)

found in egypt, Israel, Greece, asia Minor, and extending east to souther USSR to india

Hyalomma detritum scupense (H. volgense/ uralense)

Hyalomma sp in Transcaucasia

Hyalomma dromedarii & Hyalomma detritum mauretanicum

Hyalomma spp. in North Africa

Hyalomma impressun

Hyalomma spp. in East Africa

Genus Rhipicephalus

Usually inornate

Eyes and festoons present

Hypostome and palpi short

Coxae 1 has 2 strong spurs

Male w/ adanal and also accessory adanal shields frequently w/ caudal prolongation when engorged

Spiracle is comma-shaped, short in female and long in male

Contains large number of species w/c difficult to differentiate and important vectors of infectious diseases

Inornate

Genus Rhipicephalus is usually (Ornate, Inornate*

present

Genus Rhipicephalus Eyes & Festoons are (absent, present)

-Adanal

-Accessory Adanal shields

-Caudal prolongation (when engorged)

Male Rhipicephalus have these structures

Caudal prolongation

Structure in MALE

Genus Rhipicephalus that is present when engorged

Comma-shaped

Genus Rhipicephalus SPIRACLES shape (both F & M)

short

Genus Rhipicephalus SPIRACLES size in FEMALES

long

Genus Rhipicephalus SPIRACLES size in MALES

Genus Rhipicephalus

Contains large number of species w/c difficult to differentiate and important vectors of infectious diseases

Brown ear ticks

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus other name

Southern, Central & Eastern Africa

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus is widely distributed in (location in world hahhahha)

Cattle, equines, sheep, goats, wild antelopes and also in dog and rodents

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus is parasitic on (animal)

3-host Tick

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Tick classification accdg to Host #

Under tail & ears, also other parts of the body

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus location in body

Theileria parva (Cost fever), Cattle

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus is a chief vector of ____(disease) in _____(animal)

-Hepatozoon canis

-Exanthematic fever of dogs

-Theileria mutans

-Babesia bigemina of cattle

-Rickettsia conori

-viruses of Nairobi sheep dss

-Kisenyi sheep disease

-Louping ill

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus transmits

Tick Toxicosis

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Heavy infection can cause

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus

Female lays- 3000-5000 eggs

Pre-oviposition period- 5-40 days

Eggs hatch (summer)- 28 days

Eggs hatch (winter)- 3 mos.

Larvae engorge- 3-7 days

Larvae moult- 10-49 days

Nymphs engorge- 3-7 days

Nymphs moult- 10-61 days

Female engorge- 4-10 days

Unfed larvae survive- 7 mos.

Unfed nymphs survive- 6 ½ mos.

Unfed adults survive- 14 mos. Or longer except over 2 years

3000-5000 eggs

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Female Lays # Egg

5-40 days

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Pre-oviposition period

28 days

Rhipicephalus appendiculatusEggs hatch in SUMMER

3 mos.

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Eggs hatch in WINTER

3-7 days

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Larvae engorge

10-49 days

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Larvae moults

3-7 days

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Nymphs engorge

10-61 days

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Nymphs moult