13 Host Immunoinflammatory Response to Dental Biofilm

Flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 13's lecture on the Host Immunoinflammatory Response to Dental Biofilm.

What initiates the inflammatory response in the body?

The immune system activates the inflammatory response in response to an offending agent or injury.

What is the consequence of unresolved inflammation?

It leads to chronic inflammation.

What is the primary cause of tissue destruction in periodontal disease?

The host immunoinflammatory response triggered by the presence of microbial biofilm.

What are pro-resolving lipid mediators?

They help in the resolution of inflammation, protection from inflammatory damage, and stimulation of tissue regeneration.

What can chronic inflammation lead to if not controlled?

Pathologic effects on host tissue and uncontrolled tissue destruction.

What role do cytokines play in inflammation?

Cytokines are regulatory proteins that influence the behavior of other cells and activate the immune response.

What are the primary cytokines involved in periodontitis?

Key cytokines include IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α.

What is the function of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)?

MMPs break down connective tissue matrix and are important in tissue remodeling.

How does the process of catabasis relate to inflammation?

Catabasis refers to the return to homeostasis after the inflammatory process.

What can lead to the advance of gingivitis to periodontitis?

Failure to control bacterial challenge and an uncontrolled inflammatory response.

What are the histologic stages outlined by Page and Schroeder for periodontal disease?

Initial lesion, early lesion, established lesion, and advanced lesion.

What happens during the established lesion stage of gingivitis?

Plaque biofilm extends into the gingival sulcus, disrupting attachment and leading to immune response.

What factors influence the host's ability to control bacterial challenges?

Abnormal PMN function, persistence of bacteria in biofilm, and acquired or environmental factors.

What is the role of RANKL in bone remodeling?

RANKL stimulates osteoclast differentiation and activity, contributing to bone resorption.

What happens when OPG is decreased in periodontal inflammation?

Decreased OPG levels lead to increased osteoclast activity and enhanced resorption of alveolar bone.