Multicultural health exam 1

multicultural health

providing medical and wellness services in a sensitive, knowledgeable and nonjudgemental way

culture

everything that makes us who we are

race

physical characteristics, genetic makeup (social construct), created to make a hierarchy

ethnicity

social characteristics shared by a group, believe certain practices (not necessarily what we are born into)

cultural ethnocentricity

belief that ones culture is superior to all

acculturation

how familiar you become with new culture and how you adapt

intersectionality

compounding advantage or disadvantage, model that shows why a black women wasn’t hired

cultural adaptations

health equity

everyone having a fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible

health disparities

measurable. preventable differences in health outcomes, disease burden, and healthcare access that adversely affects socially and economically disadvantaged population groups

Federal poverty line

income measure set each year by the U.S. to decide who qualifies for public assistance programs

42% of U.S. household struggle to make ends meet

15% alice in arkansas

ALICE

Asset limited income constrained employed, representing working individuals and families who earn more than the official Federal Poverty Level but still cannot afford basic household necessities.

29% of households nationwide in 2022 are alice

28% alice in arkansas

social capital

the connections, networks, and relationships among people, and the value they provide. source of power and influence that helps people “get by” or “get ahead”. its not what you know but who you know

three types of social capital

bonding: close ties, often within social groups

bridging: crosses divides between social groups

linking: connections to positions of power and authority

cultural relativism

belief that all cultures are equal

cultural imposition

when one cultural group usually the majority group, forces their cultural views on another culture

race

a social construct used to group people who gets what and who deserves what

racism

a form of prejudice that generally includes negative emotional reactions to members of the group

beliefs

thinking one race is better or more deserving

behaviors

treating others unequally because of race

structures

laws, policies, and systems that uphold racial inequity

colorblindness

“I don’t see color, I just see people”, this erases a persons identity, makes the dominant culture feel comfortable and able to deny cultural differences. It means I can’t see differences, disparities, inequalities, history of violence and current trauma.

gender

a group of people in a society who share particular qualities or ways of behaving which that society associates with being male, female, or another identity

sex

the physical state of being either male, female, or intersex

sexism

actions based on teh belief that the members of one sex are less intelligent, able, skillful etc. that make the members of the other sex, especially that women are less able than men

patriarchal ideology

barbie movie, men have more power, dominance, and privilege than women. Social system where men hold primary power and predominate roles of political authority.

hostile sexism

an overt, antagonistic prejudice that devalues women and punishes those who challenge traditional gender roles or male power

benevolent sexism

an attitude toward women that appears polite, kind, or complimentary on the surface, but actually relies on traditional stereotypes that view women as weak, incompetent, or dependent on men

ethics

the study of moral principals that help define what is right, wrong, good, or bad in human conduct

respect

showing care, value, and polite regard for people, rules, and property

veracity

truthfulness, accuracy, or conformity to fact

fidelity

faithfulness, loyalty, or exact adherence to a fact, standard, or original

beneficence

how good is good enough?

non-maleficence

no practitioner will ever set out to harm a patient

autonomy

a legally blind patient refuses to wear glasses and continues driving a car

justice

how do I decide the fairness of the allocation of time and resources

cultural competence

the process of becoming aware of our culture and how we communicate that awareness to the rest of the world

implicit bias

occurs automatically and unintentionally that nevertheless affects judgement, decisions unconsciously

5 key characteristics of implicit bias

1- Inherent biases are pervasive.Everyone possesses them, even people with avowed commitments to impartiality such as judges.

2- Implicit and explicit biases are related but distinct mental constructs. They are not mutually exclusive and may even reinforce each
other.

3- The implicit associations we hold do not necessarily align with our stated beliefs or even reflect stances we would explicitly
endorse.

4- We generally tend to hold implicit biases that favor our ingroup, though research has shown that we can still hold implicit biases against our ingroup.

5- Implicit biases are malleable. Our brains are incredibly complex, and the implicit associations that we have formed can be gradually unlearned through a variety of de-biasing techniques.

stereotyping

Over simplified conception, opinion, or belief about some aspect of an individual or group

generalization

Rules that groups adopt about other groups, is a point, must see if the individual fits the pattern; types of hypothesis of what we expect to encounter when we interact with a certain culture

target populations

groups that are historically “targeted” as less than because of their race, gender, sexual orientation, role, class, ability or other type of difference

people of color, poor/working class, women, lesbian, gay, transgender, bisexual, people w/ disability, non-christian, people over 40

non-target populations

groups most likely to receive unearned privileges and benefits because of group membership

white people, middle class, men, heterosexual people, people w/o disability, christian, young people, etc.

oppression

the unjust or cruel exercise of power, authority, or force over individuals or groups, often sustained through systemic and institutional structures

4 levels of oppression

personal- feelings, beliefs, values

interpersonal- actions, behaviors, language

institutional- rules, policies, procedures

cultural- collective ideas about what is normal, true, right, beautiful

privilege

a special right, advantage, or immunity granted to or enjoyed by a particular person or group