AP WH Summer Test

religion, vocab, and map stuff here

Absolute Ruler

A ruler who has absolute control over the population they oversee.

agricultural revolution

A transformation occurred when humans changed their society from hunting to more agricultural-based.

aristocracy

The highest position in some societies.

bureaucracy

A government that lets the state officials make the important decisions rather than the elected representatives.

chiefdom

An area ruled by a chief.

civilization

A population that has developed throughout history; thus, this population has its own unique cultural, political, and legal characteristics.

democracy

A government that lets elected representatives make the important decisions, so they represent the whole population.

demography

The study of how the human population changes over time based on certain characteristics like births, deaths, incomes, and disease.

diaspora

The migration of people from their original homeland.

dynasty

The line of rulers of a country.

empire

A big area of different groups that is ruled by a strong ruler who is an emperor or empress.

feudalism

A system where land was exchanged so those of higher power could use people who occupied their land for labor or other work in medieval Europe.

imperialism

The act of conquering land that was already claimed through diplomacy or military force.

interregional

The relationship between different regions.

kingdom

An area ruled by a king or queen that is not strong enough to be an empire yet.

merchant

A person who deals with trade, especially with certain demands from foreign countries.

monotheism

The belief there is only one God.

nation

A group of people in an area connected by their common cultural identity.

nomad

People who move from place to place constantly, usually with livestock.

patriarchy

A government that lets the head of the family be the father or eldest male through a line of succession of males.

polytheism

The belief there are many gods.

primary source

A source that comes from someone who experienced the topic first-hand.

rural

An area that is in the countryside and is very agricultural based.

secondary source

A source that comes from someone who wrote about the topic without experiencing it.

serf

A servant who was tied to the land and would work based on who owned the land.

state

A group that shares a cultural identity is under the power of a government or organized political power.

syncretism

The merging of different religions or beliefs.

theocracy

A government in which one or more deities rule them through humans who manage the government’s daily affairs.

urban

A city or town usually has more population, and job opportunities, and is not located near the countryside.

What is filial piety and in what religion is it important?

Filial piety is respect and honor for elder family members in Confucianism

Who founded the teachings of Buddhism?

Buddha a.k.a. Siddhartha Hautama

What do Hinduism and Buddhism share in common?

They emerged from the Brahmanism belief system that the Aryan people used to believe in

What is the most practiced form of Buddhism?

Mahayana Buddhism

Who are the main (most important) 4 hindu deities?

Brahma (the creator), Shiva (the destroyer), Lakshmi (consort of Vishnu), and Vishnu (the preserver)

What is the Torah ?

They are five books consisting of the Hebrew’s traditions, laws, history, and ethics . After adding more to it formed the Hebrew Bible. (from Judaism) the Chrisitans adopted it and called it the “Old Testament” similar to their “New Testament”

What are the Ten Commandments and what religion are they from?

They are a series of rules of behavior given by God (rules are like requiring certain religious behavior but forbidding bad behavior) in Judaism

What is the central belief of Judaism?

Monotheism and to worship Yahweh as the only God (so God would protect them from their enemies)

Where did Christianity develop?

Was first seen in the early Roman empire and developed in the province of Judaea

What are the four noble truths and in what religion are they important?

The four noble truths state life is suffering, suffering comes from desire, one must limit desire to limit suffering, and to limit suffering one must follow the “Eightfold Path” (the path to nirvana basically). Its important in Buddhism.

What is covenant and in what religion is it in?

Covenant is an agreement that people believe to exist between themselves and God. It is in Judaism.

What leaders did God appear to (in Judaism)?

Abraham, Moses, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Isiah

Synagogue

a place for study and prayer (Judaism)

Who were the Philistines and what religion are they from?

A group considered to be the biggest military danger of the Hebrews according to the Bible.

What are the 4 books of the Bible’s New Testament?

Gospel of Matthew, Gospel of Mark, Gospel of Luke, and Gospel of John

Who is Jesus?

the Son of God and the Messiah

What is Christ?

Greek for savior/messiah

What is the third day after Jesus’ cruxifixion known as

He was said to have resurrected from the dead and believers of this event meet in small groups. Later this became known as the Eucharist/Lord’s Supper

Saints

(from Christianity) people who lived/died in a way that was spiritually heroic/noteworthy

What are the 5 pillars of Islam?

1. Faith

2. Prayer

3. Charity

4. Fasting dawn → dusk during Ramadan

5. Pilgrimage to the Kaaba

Who were God’s prophets and which one was considered the final? (acc to Islam)

Jesus, Moses, and Abraham are some of God’s prophets but the final is Muhammad