science part 1

Deposition

represents the inverse process of sublimation

Stratum basale

Where are epidermal cells found before traveling to the surface of the skin?

incomplete dominance

a cross between two different alleles results in a blend, such as pink flowers from red and white parents.

Embryogenesis

refers to the development of the human embryo from a zygote.

Fertilization

occurs in the fallopian tubes of a female if sperm is present.

Meiosis

sexual cell division, involves two phases of mitosis that take place one after the other but without a second replication of DNA.

chitin

a complex polysaccharide found in fungal cell walls that provide structural support

cellulose

found in the cell walls of plants, not fungi

peptidoglycan

is found in the cell walls of bacteria, not fungi

lignin

is found in the cell walls of plants, specifically in vascular tissues, not fungi

external respiration

During ________ _________, air is first inhaled into the lungs via pulmonary ventilation. Then, diffusion of oxygen from the lungs into the blood occurs. Next, oxygenated blood is transported through systemic circulation.

pulmonary ventilation

During external respiration, air is first inhaled into the lungs via_______ _______. Then, diffusion of oxygen from the lungs into the blood occurs. Next, oxygenated blood is transported through systemic circulation.

diffusion

During external respiration, air is first inhaled into the lungs via pulmonary ventilation. Then, _____ of oxygen from the lungs into the blood occurs. Next, oxygenated blood is transported through systemic circulation.

oxygenated blood

During external respiration, air is first inhaled into the lungs via pulmonary ventilation. Then, diffusion of oxygen from the lungs into the blood occurs. Next, ______ _______ is transported through systemic circulation.

systemic circulation

During external respiration, air is first inhaled into the lungs via pulmonary ventilation. Then, diffusion of oxygen from the lungs into the blood occurs. Next, oxygenated blood is transported through ______ ______

large intestine

is to compress the waste

and collect any excess water that can be recycled.

small intestine

primary site for diffusion of nutrients into the blood; Approximately 6 meters long; Contains the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

liver

is an accessory organ of the digestive system and removes ammonia from the blood and converts it to urea

prokaryotes

reproduce asexually. This means they require only one parent cell to produce two daughter cells

Mucous covering

Which of the following is usually the first line of defense in the human body when a pathogen invades? they line the respiratory, GI, urinary, and reproductive tracts

b cells

label invaders for later destruction by macrophages.

Macrophages

consume pathogens and infected cells in a process known as phagocytosis

helper t cells

activate killer T cells and B cells

long

bone type: femur, tibia, clavicle, humerus, and metacarpals

flat

bone type: hip bone, sternum, nasal bone

irregular

bone type: vertebrae

sesamoid

bone type: patella

short

bone type: carpal and tarsal bones

diploid

full number of chromosomes

haploid

half number of chromosomes

Mendel’s law of independent assortment

alleles for different traits are inherited independently

actin

________ is a protein that forms together with myosin, to create the contractile filaments of muscle cells.

Myosin

_____ can only bind to actin when the binding

sites on actin are exposed by calcium ions.

H-zone

consists of myosin only,

I-band

consists of actin only

A-band

contains both actin and myosin.

Z-line

differentiates between each sarcomere.

thrombocytes

aid in blood clotting and wound healing

leukocytes

protect the body from foreign substances by alerting the immune system

erythrocytes

participate in gas exchange