antibiotics that weaken the cell wall

4 ae for penicillin G (narrow spectrum penicillinase sensitive)

1. allergic xn

2. pain at injection site

3. neurotoxicity if levels are high

4. electrolyte imabalances

what is the prototype for narrow spectrum, penicillinase resistant

nafcillin

1 use for nafcillin (narrow spectum, penicillinase resistant)

penicillinase-producing staph

prototype for broad spectrum, penicillinase sensitive

amoxicillin

3 uses for amoxicillin

1. gram +

2. gram -

3. spirochetes

prototype for extended spectrum, penicillinase sensitive

piperacillin

3 uses for piperacillin (extended spectrum, penicillinase sensitive)

1. pseudomonas aeruginosa

2. klebsiella

3. organisms susceptible to the aminopenicillins

3 ae for cephalosporins

1. hypersensitivity rxn

2. thrombophlebitis

3. bleeding

3 drug interactions with cephalosporins

1. alcohol

2. drugs that promote bleeding

3. calcium and ceftriazone in neonates

are carbapenems narrow or broad spectrum

broad

prototype for carbapenems

imipenem

1 use for imipenem

mixed infections

3 ae for carbapenems

1. n/v/d

2. hypersensitivity rxn

3. superinfection

what are the 4 beta lactam antibiotics classes

1. penicillins

2. carbapenems

3. cephalosporins

4. monobactems

which class of beta lactam antibiotic's general moa is inhibiting transpeptidases to disrupt synthesis of cell wall and activating autolysins to promote active destruction

penicillines

what are 4 signs of anaphylaxis

1. wheezing

2. laryngeal edema

3. rash/pruritis

4. severe hypotension

what is the prototype for narrow spectrum, penicillinase sensitive

penicillin G

3 uses for penicillin G

1. most gram +

2. some gram - cocci

3. spirochetes

how is penicillin G (narrow spectrum penicillinase sensitive) administered?

parenterally

what is one drug-drug interaction with penicillin G (narrow spectrum, penicillinase sensitive)

aminoglycosides

aminoglycosides and penicillin G are often used together. But though aminoglycosides are often inactivated by high concentrations of penicillins. therefore how should the nurse administer them

in separate IV lines

how should nafcillin be administered (narrow specturm, penicillinase resistant)

IV

why can nafcillin be administered PO?

it won't be absorbed well

one ae of nafcillin (narrow spectrum, penicillinase resistant)

allergic reaction

amoxicillin (broad spectrun, penicillinase sensitive) is ineffective against what bacteria and why?

s. aureus because it produces beta-lactamases

how can amoxicillin be administered (broad spectrum, penicillinase sensitive)

oral or IV

2 ae of amoxicillin

rash and diarrhea

there are 4 antibiotics that piperacillin are used with, usually

1. augmentin

2. unasyn

3. timentin

4. zosyn

know that cephalosporins have similar MOA, are bactericidal, and are mostly IV admin, just as PCNs

carbapenems also has a similar MOA as PCNs

how should u administer imipenem

parenterally

what kind of antibiotics weaken the cell wall?

beta lactam antibiotics

are all penicillins bacteriostatic or cidal?

cidal