KIN 105 Quiz 2: Sports Injury and Medical Terminology Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering sports medicine terminology, anatomical directions, planes of movement, and ankle/foot anatomy as outlined in the KIN 105 Quiz 2 Study Guide.

Acute Injury

An injury with a sudden onset, typically caused by a specific trauma.

Chronic Injury

An injury that develops over time, is long-lasting, or recurring.

Tendon

Connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.

Ligament

Connective tissue that connects bone to bone.

Bursa

A fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues of the body.

Fascia

Connective tissue that surrounds and separates muscles and other internal organs.

Articular Cartilage

Tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints.

Five Signs of Inflammation

Heat, redness, swelling, pain, and loss/impaired function.

PRICE

An acronym for injury treatment standing for Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.

Contusion

A bruise resulting from a direct blow to the soft tissue.

Muscle Strain

Stretching or tearing of muscle or tendon fibers.

Tendinitis

Inflammation of a tendon.

Tendinosis

Degeneration of a tendon, distinguished from tendinitis by a lack of inflammation.

Muscle Cramp

An involuntary and painful contraction of a muscle.

Muscle Spasm

An involuntary contraction of a muscle.

Atrophy

The wasting away or decrease in size of muscle tissue.

Contracture

A permanent shortening of a muscle or joint.

Myositis Ossificans

A condition where bone forms inside a muscle following a severe contusion or repeated strain.

Dislocation

The complete separation of two bones where they meet at a joint.

Subluxation

A partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint.

Avulsion Fracture

A fracture where a fragment of bone is pulled away by a ligament or tendon.

Comminuted Fracture

A fracture where the bone breaks into three or more fragments.

Stress Fracture

A small crack in a bone often caused by overuse or repetitive stress.

Anterior

Toward the front of the body.

Posterior

Toward the back of the body.

Superior

Toward the head or upper part of the body.

Inferior

Toward the feet or lower part of the body.

Medial

Toward the midline of the body.

Lateral

Away from the midline of the body.

Proximal

Nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.

Distal

Farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.

Superficial

Near the surface of the body.

Deep

Farther from the surface of the body.

Sagittal Plane

An anatomical plane that divides the body into left and right sides.

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

An anatomical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

Transverse Plane

An anatomical plane that divides the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) portions.

Flexion

A movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.

Extension

A movement that increases the angle between two body parts.

Abduction

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Adduction

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

Plantarflexion

Movement of the foot that flexes the foot or toes downward toward the sole.

Dorsiflexion

Movement of the foot that pulls the toes upward toward the shin.

Inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward toward the midline.

Eversion

Turning the sole of the foot outward away from the midline.

Tibia

The weight-bearing bone of the lower leg.

Calcaneus

The heel bone.

Talus

The ankle joint bone located between the tibia/fibula and the calcaneus.

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome

Commonly known as "shin splints," involving the Tibialis Posterior muscle.

Epiphyseal Plate

Commonly called the growth plate; it is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.

Fabella

A rare sesamoid bone located behind the knee.

Hands-Only CPR Compression Rate

The recommended rate for chest compressions is $100 - 120/min$.